tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-57561044252765794132023-06-20T21:43:08.176-07:00How to write graffiti on paperQuinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.comBlogger32125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-14696147787112966402020-09-04T02:36:00.001-07:002020-09-04T02:36:13.356-07:00Cyber Forensics free essay sampleDigital Forensics by Richard Boddington School of Information Technology Assignment 2 â⬠Research Essay Assignment diagram â⬠¢ Assignment 2 â⬠Research Essay is an accommodation of an exposition dependent on the digital criminological condition and is worth 30% of the general unit mark â⬠¢ Internal and outer understudies embrace similar exercises and are surveyed the equivalent. ICT248 college understudies are evaluated uniquely in contrast to ICT548 post-graduate understudies in Assignment 2 â⬠¢ The accommodation of an examination exposition dependent on the digital legal condition. The length of the article ought to be: â⬠¢ ICT248 Undergraduate understudies 3,500 words â⬠¢ ICT548 Postgraduate understudies 4,500 words 2 Research not a ââ¬Ëfree-run essayââ¬â¢ â⬠¢ You are required to finish and present a RESEARCHBASED article portraying and talking about the procedures AND difficulties associated with distinguishing, recuperating, making sure about, looking at, breaking down and getting ready advanced proof from a wrongdoing scene â⬠¢ This covers the hypothetical piece of the unit and ought to be founded on the talk/workshop material, this guide, the talk notes and, above all your own examination attempts â⬠¢ I would say, bosses are searching for graduates who have diagnostic, exploration and correspondence (composing) aptitudes well beyond the segments of the degree 3 The exposition MUST contain: â⬠¢ Introduction and list of chapters Defining your extent of inclusion of the article â⬠¢ Content â⬠To improve your evaluations, you MUST remember some portrayal and conversation of the accompanying for your paper: â⬠¢ Describe advanced proof Explain the key standards of digital criminology Discuss examination forms used to: â⬠¢ protect find select break down approve, and present proof acquired from a PC for evidentiary purposes â⬠¢ Discuss and the significance of wrongdoing recreation theories and elective speculations 4 The article MUST contain: â⬠¢ Conclusion most understudies ignore and think little of the end â⬠this is the place you sum up the realities depicted in the body of your paper and include your own decisions based what you have perused. We will compose a custom exposition test on Digital Forensics or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page No new material ought to be included here. â⬠¢ Grammar and spelling â⬠spell check your drafts â⬠get a companion or comparative with edit your drafts preceding accommodation â⬠¢ References that are refered to in the article â⬠use EndNote, in the event that you wish. This is accessible from the Library, complimentary. Post your draft to Turnitin (see separate directions) to guarantee that you have not accidentally copied crafted by others â⬠¢ Bibliography of other reference material that was utilized however not refered to 5 Essay structure â⬠¢ Use suitable headings and sub-headings that identify with the picked point â⬠¢ The article ought to incorporate pertinent citations - appropriately referenced and models used to help your conversation inside the exposition â⬠¢ Please donââ¬â¢t abuse citations (max 5% of the record and they are excluded from the word check) â⬠¢ You will likewise be surveyed on the introduction of your exposition, just as the substance 6 Referencing â⬠¢ The quality and broadness of references utilized will be considered and credit will be given for proof of wide perusing on the point and utilization of material from an assortment of sources (I. e. , Learning Guide, books, diaries, sites, papers, and so on) â⬠¢ Marks won't be granted where right referencing isn't utilized and will additionally not be granted where the above directions are not followed â⬠¢ All declarations by different creators must be effectively referenced. â⬠¢ Please limit your own remarks to perceptions about crafted by creators you are citing â⬠¢ Your own reality view and proclamations of unconfirmed realities (that are not referenced) don't procure marks â⬠¢ Please observe the Online Resources page on the unit MyLMS landing page. This will give you a few connects to assist you with your paper readiness and composing 7 Turnitin â⬠¢ The Research Essay must be completely referenced where the affirmations of different creators are being utilized and should initially be submitted to Turnitin before it is submitted to LMS as a finished task â⬠¢ The Turnitin account that will have been set up for you by the Unit Coordinator and accessible through the Unit LMS site â⬠¢ Late entries because of deferrals in submitting assignments through TURNITIN are not justification for looking for an expansion for the task. 8 Suggested configuration of the article â⬠¢ Essay style might be in report structure or an exposition â⬠that is your decision â⬠¢ Use of heading and a chapter by chapter list makes it simpler for you to structure the exposition in a consistent and durable structure â⬠¢ It likewise makes it simpler for the peruser to explore your article and readies the peruser for each new significant idea that you are presenting. â⬠¢ Refer to the clues and tips on article composing and referencing that may have just been posted in the MyLMS conversation board. In the event that you are not previously utilizing the board by perusing the substance, I urge you to do so â⬠¢ Include a spellbinding title â⬠numerous understudies don't do this 9 Paper structure â⬠¢ Introduction â⬠an outline of the key issues, ideas, and so on , that you need to impart to your peruser â⬠some of you may wish to incorporate a theoretical â⬠¢ Body of the article â⬠more subtleties of what you have expressed in your presentation â⬠use sub headings â⬠coherent progression of data and key and sub-subjects â⬠speck focuses alright, yet donââ¬â¢t over use them â⬠statements ought to be kept to a base and are excluded from the word tally â⬠additional focuses granted for you summarizing crafted by the writers you quote â⬠¢ Use connecting passages to present the following point â⬠¢ Some space for contention in your exposition, however limit this to your assessment of crafted by valid writers you remember for your article 10 Reference materials â⬠¢ Referencing â⬠as above â⬠guarantee it satisfies the scholarly guidelines of the college. Suspected copyright infringement will be accounted for to the Dean â⬠so take care to stay away from it â⬠¢ For a paper of this gauge â⬠I propose in any event 5 quality diary or book articles per theme. â⬠¢ Bibliography to incorporate those references you took a gander at however did exclude as a source of perspective will likewise upgrade your essayââ¬â¢s believability 11 Searching for materials â⬠¢ Try the new iGoogle include that joins SFX FindIT to improve your quest for quality articles and books on the exposition theme: http://wwwlib. murdoch. edu. au/mylibrary/devices. html 12 13 Criteria Assignment Structure Max marks 3 Comments Mark granted Introduction, targets, scope, coherent stream, headings and subheadings Grammar, spelling 4 Correct English utilization Coverage of the Topic 15 Coverage, matches scope. Data not properly referenced, best case scenario gets no imprints and at more terrible may propose unoriginality. o Analysis, Conclusion and conversation Depict computerized proof Explain the key standards of digital criminology. Talk about assessment forms used to: ? protect ? find ? select ? investigate ? approve, and ? present proof acquired from a PC for evidentiary purposes. Talk about and the significance of wrongdoing reproduction speculations and elective theories. 4 Draws together conversation, features suggestions, and so forth. References 4 Used accurately in-text, give models remembered for References Quality, broadness, fulfillment, matches references, Bibliography. Complete MARKS 30 14 15 Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-58695993176753757122020-08-23T01:29:00.001-07:002020-08-23T01:29:07.181-07:00Summary of The Kite Runner Research Paper Example Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-12068307786386763752020-08-22T21:34:00.001-07:002020-08-22T21:34:26.260-07:00The Importance Of Playgrounds Education EssayThe Special Care Center in Abu Dhabi, an appointed association for Disabled Care and Rehabilitation, is looking for proposition from experient innovation organizations for the plan of a hotel zone that ought to be fitting for kids with grouped disablements. Thusly, the Alta Vista crew chose to move on the endeavor and plan an equivalent retreat region for those children. Keeping in head that comparable occupations have been settled and comparable stocks have been planned previously, which implies that we ought to occur out what is now thought about the theme. In this way, farther research on arranged features of the activity ought to be done as it will flexibly us with a superior anxiety to the activity and help us build up the theoretical structure. Besides, we will talk the significance of resort zones for impaired and ordinary children and explicitly by what means would playgrounds be able to get ready children for the rest of their lives? The craving to play and luxuriate games is a characteristic want in all children no undertaking how rich or hapless their family units are or the amount they can travel autonomously, hear, talk or see. This is bolstered by Wilson [ 1 ] ; ââ¬Å" All children and juvenile individuals need to play. The desire to play is unconditioned. Play is an organic and mental and cultural need, and is cardinal to the solid turn of events and great being of people and networks. â⬠Playing times are appreciated and significant for all ages non simply kids, as those recollections are extraordinary. On the off chance that you get some information about a most loved dramatization memory from their adolescence, they will non just recover what they did however they will other than recover how they felt [ 1 ] . All things considered, it is each child ââ¬Ës option to play and experience the correspondence. Besides, David Lloyd George [ 1 ] upheld this by expressing ; ââ¬Å" The option to play is a childaaââ¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬aââ¬Å¾?s premier case on the network. Play is natureaaââ¬Å¡Ã¢ ¬aââ¬Å¾?s groundwork forever. No people group can strife that directly without making processing injury to the heads and natural structures of its residents. â⬠We accept that the above data is significant for our structure undertaking as it features some of import focuses ; 1 ) the development of the hotel region ought to be fascinating sufficient and satisfying to be outlined in those children ââ¬Ës recollections. 2 ) The retreat zone ought to non be specific for crippled children simply yet available for all children, as this may affect their mental situation by encountering alone and segregated from others. The most evident element of resort zones is that they give a break from the twenty-four hours ââ¬Ës usual way of doing things. Taking interferences are viewed as imperative for individuals everything being equal and in all Fieldss as it helps expanding the productiveness and watchfulness of the encephalon. This was upheld by the test explore directed by [ 2 ] , as the results found that callback is improved when obtaining is dispersed rather than introduced all at once. Besides, physical exercises in resort region where upheld by [ 2, 3 ] to build fittingness, better mentalities and bolster procurement. Those exercises do non just back up guidance, yet they other than help kids ââ¬Ës health ; by cut bringing down inaction which is related with meatiness, which causes wellbeing employments, for example, high blood power per unit territory and high cholesterin [ 2, 3 ] . In this way, resort regions play a crucial capacity on kids ââ¬Ës physical wellbeing, and physical health p lays an of import work in kids ââ¬Ës guidance. As an outcome, providing specific physical exercises that are appropriate for crippled children and available for ordinary children ought to be thought of while moving out our plan undertaking. The greater part of bing writing has concentrated on adjusting or modifying the types of gear of resort territories to suit kids with specific requests [ 4 ] . Be that as it may, this is non what should be done so as to execute incorporation in resort territories, in light of the fact that these biased examples will as often as possible do it difficult for impaired children to fall in [ 5 ] . What is really implied by ââ¬Å" Disabled Children â⬠are the individuals who experience partiality on the place that is known for their harm [ 5 ] . This is upheld by [ 5 ] , the cultural hypothetical record assault created by impaired individuals in 1981, ââ¬Å" Damage is the thing that we have, Disability is the thing that we experience. â⬠Therefore, instructor interceded interventions and considerations for creating exercises that do non require significant ecological modifications are required [ 4 ] . Besides, going to ought to be moved to the methodological analysiss that may be utilized in the advancement of those children ââ¬Ës cultural achievements as the majority of those children display cultural achievements deficiencies. Blending to [ 4 ] , toys that advance cultural connections rather than solitary dramatization ought to be given, so as to additionally deliberate cooperations between kids in resort regions. In this manner, formatively suitable toys and stuffs ought to be planned and picked with consideration, as to build up the utile achievements required to fix those children for their development [ 4, 6 ] . Play areas start the advancement of two sorts of imperative and required achievements for disabled children [ 3, 7 ] ; 1 ) engine and physical achievements, which are useful for their fittingness and wellbeing, 2 ) Soft achievements, are those which supplement troublesome achievements ( part of an individual ââ¬Ës IQ ) . We can reason that these achievements are useful for those children ââ¬Ës guidance. In this way, we ought to have the option to cognize how to build up these achievements and through what sorts of games while convey oning our structure undertaking? While playing in resort regions, kids do non perceive that they are building achievements and coordination while they are occupied with holding happiness [ 3 ] . Play influencing balls, running, beginning air pockets, or structure things are extraordinary strategies to build engine achievements. Truth be told, all action words regularly connected with youth games, for example, ; climb, walk, kick, slide, skip, balance, pull, swing, creep, and so on, other than proceed to be exercises that better physical engine achievements [ 3 ] . A few exercises, mounting developments and siting bicycles, help in structure musculuss and expanding fittingness, which makes the students more beneficial and increasingly dynamic [ 3 ] . This is of import for the students in the Special Care Center, as incapacitated children do non only have mental employments yet they other than experience the ill effects of physical occupations and need an opportunity to trip their musculuss and increment their engine achievements. Delicate achievements help kids in building their character each piece great as characterizing and cleaning their characters for those coming adult mature ages [ 7 ] . Every single game in a retreat zone has a purpose and each game a child plays in a hotel zone shows him a thing or two. We will talk the most significant and basic exercises that are extreme by playing and better children ââ¬Ës delicate achievements. See-saws allow to associate with another child and create equalization and coordination [ 3 ] . Climbing a slide for the primary clasp can be an incredible confirmation developer and help kids figure out how to take little dangers which increment their dauntlessness [ 3 ] . This is other than relying upon how amicable and swearing the earth is, as it offers the childs a chance to set themselves on the line a little spot. This instructs them that on the off chance that they do a blunder, it is non the terminal of the universe [ 7 ] . Besides, resort zones can learn kids how to get by when things accomplish non work out their way, set closures, move in the direction of a typical end and keep their sense of pride [ 7 ] . The basic segment of playing is larning that they can non ever arrive at what they need. There are guidelines on the hotel region, simply like there are guidelines in the existent universe [ 7 ] . So as to get along or to win, childs must comprehend and remain by those guidelines. In this way, kids need to larn abstinence, how to permit out their destruction without hurting themselves or others [ 7 ] . No 1 successes each clasp, the retreat zone is non the solitary topographic point to larn that yet it gives an opportunity to it. When children learn it on the hotel regions they can utilize it in other topographic focuses in their lives. They can reassign the achievements from the hotel territory to existent life. Youngsters figure out how to journey through the advancement of cultural and passionate achievements, which expands their activity work trip achievements further down the road [ 7 ] . At long last, the hotel territory offers kids various approaches to happen themselves through test and error and this is the means by which they learn and win in their henceforth lives [ 7 ] . It other than offers them with a chance to ramify out of their customary range of familiarity, demonstrate things out, and try different things with new wonts, practices and qualities. It offers them a chance to take a full breath and happen the courage to plunge in and permit travel of mistakes [ 7 ] . Regardless of anything else, it is non an issue of larning how to cover with disappointment however how to cover with progress [ 7 ] . The retreat territory can help disenable childs experience progressively certain about what their identity is, their capacities and what they are acceptable at. So while convey oning our structure we should weight on the significance of balance between the incapacitated children in the Special Care Ce nter and typical children. In choice, this foundation perusing has furnished the Alta Vista crew with significant data that will help and back up the plan undertaking. So as to hold an effective structure, we should see the format or the development of the plan, by doing it vivid and fascinating bounty for children to inquire about. Besides, the development or the plan of the retreat zone ought to non be specific for handicapped childs only. The hotel zone ought to be open by bo Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-41221131880690094652020-08-21T23:11:00.001-07:002020-08-21T23:11:33.429-07:00Management Principles CompanyThe executives Principles Company Subject standards of the board Henri Fayol (brought into the world 1841in Constantinople ââ¬ËIstanbul; passed on 1925 in Paris). He moved on from the mining institute of St. Etienne (Ãâ°cole des Mines de Saint-Ãâ°tienne) in 1860 as a French specialist. At 19 years old he initially went into a mining organization Compagnie de Commentry-Fourchambeau-Decazeville as a designer and afterward on was known to turn into the overseeing executive of the organization from 1888 to 1918. It is said that he assumed control over the organization as an overseeing chief when the firm was in emergency and was relied upon to find some conclusion. Henri Fayol was the man that carried the organization from close to conclusion to a blast stage. Fayol was likewise known to be an attentive scholar and didn't have faith in paper work or science. He discovered basic instruments and approaches to assist the laborers with speeding up their undertakings that would in the end lead to better creation and better generally speaking afteref fects of the organization. Fayol has made 3 key commitments to the executives. Right off the bat, he separated among specialized and administrative aptitudes. Furthermore, he built 5 primary elements of an administrator (arranging, sorting out, directing, co-planning and controlling).thirdly and the most significant; he set out the 14 standards of the executives that he thought were regular to all associations. Most likely because of his incredible commitments he is properly named the dad of the board thought. Fayol set out the five primary standards of a supervisor/the board. This he accepted were essential exercises that a supervisor needed to act in agreement to building up a perceived and serious firm. The accompanying lines talk about the five components of the executives: Arranging: ââ¬Å"Planning is chalking out a game plan, for example the outcome conceived, the line of activity to be followed, the phases to experience and techniques to use.â⬠Fayol. (P.C.Jain, C.Sharma, M.Nandrajog, 2003). Fayol accepted that it is important to design before you start any new pursuit or task. On the off chance that the outside and inner condition are not appropriately considered and designs drawn in like manner it is profoundly far-fetched for the undertaking to be a triumph. Arranging: getting sorted out is for the most part bringing all the assets to be specific human resources,financial and material assets together to fabricate a legitimate structure. It is essentially distinguishing in detail the exercises and targets of the arrangement and as needs be isolate the exercises in employments and various segments relying upon the idea of the occupations. Directing: it by and large alludes to controlling the workers on the most proficient method to play out the different employments or exercises. A supervisor ought to have the option to assess the endeavors or vitality of the representatives and thus make congruity and activity among the workforce. Organizing: principally includes the adjusting the exercises and activities of the workforce to make harmony and amicability and unite the staff to take care of general issues among them. Controlling: is worried about guaranteeing that the objectives or goals of the association are met as proficiently and adequately as could be expected under the circumstances. (P.C.Jain, C.Sharma, M.Nandrajog, 2003). It likewise includes ensuring that the organization is going the correct way as arranged and accomplishing the set objectives inside the cutoff times. Be that as it may, in the later hardly any years Fayol's five components of the board were additionally extended by the American Luther Gulick and Brit Lydnall Urwick into seven components which are as per the following : Arranging, sorting out, staffing, coordinating, planning, revealing and planning. Like referenced over his most noteworthy commitment to the executives are the 14 standards. These standards were set somewhere around Fayol dependent on his own encounters and through the perception of assignments and exercises did by the laborers. ââ¬Å"He accepted the standards to be adaptable and not supreme and to be used as the circumstance demandsâ⬠(P.C.Jain, C.Sharma, M.Nandrajog, 2003) Examined beneath are Fayol's 14 standards of the executives. Oâ â Division of work: à Fayol accepted that the work is best completed when it is painstakingly separated and every individual is given their particular isolated undertaking to be done. It likewise guaranteed that the work was done viably and proficiently. The principle advantage as indicated by fayol for the division of work was specialization. He demanded that when a laborer did a specific undertaking various occasions he has some expertise in that work and is the best man for that specific occupation. Oâ â Authority and Responsibility: No individual can give his best execution except if he is given the power to play out the duty he is given. For e.g.: if an individual is given the obligation to sort out an occasion yet isn't given the position to delegate who will do what task then its impractical for the occasion to be a triumph concerning that to happen he ought to be given the option to select the best man he believes is directly for the activity and furthermore take any important choices that tags along the way. Duty is only the commitment to do a specific errand doled out and authority is the option to take choice concerning the obligation. Fayol accepted position and duty to be at equality. Oâ â Discipline: à Fayol accepted that for there to be discipline in the association it was important to have great administrators at all levels. He didn't care for the possibility of anybody disrupting the guidelines and causing issue. Additionally he needed there to exist a shared regard and comprehension between the supervisor and representatives of the organization where the administrator should take choices remembering the eventual benefits of the representatives and thusly the representatives regard that choice and work for the improvement of the organization. Oâ â Unity of command:â under this guideline fayol needed to guarantee that a subordinate ought to get orders from one and only 1 prevalent. He contended that if a subordinate got orders from more than one unrivaled there was constantly a danger of reason and the work not completing. To outline: if a Oâ â Unity of heading: fayol said that all the exercises and errands that are of a similar sort or nature ought to have similar objectives and plans. This implies all assignments of comparative nature will have one chief and one objectiveà (P.C.Jain, C.Sharma, M.Nandrajog, 2003) .This will guarantee the work running easily and help accelerate the procedure. For instance; inexpensive food chain cafés like McDonaldsà have a worldwide market and each market will contrast as per the outside condition of that place which will incorporate the strict angles, lawful perspectives, mechanical viewpoints and so on. To expound the arrangement or procedure that works in U.K may not be equivalent to that of India cause both the nations have various markets and the desires from the clients may not be the equivalent. So every division must arrangement as indicated by their outer condition. Subjection of individual interests to general interests: fayol accepted that ââ¬Å"the enthusiasm of the gathering ought to override the interests of the individualsâ⬠. Furthermore, the administration ought to guarantee that the individual interests converge with the interests of the gathering. Compensation: fayol saw that reasonable strategies for installment or compensation inspire the representatives to try sincerely and stay faithful to the organization. This likewise works best in light of a legitimate concern for the worker and the business. Centralization: centralization implies that the position will be in the hands of a couple. Fayol didn't altogether imply that the organization ought to be unified however he expected that the procedure of dynamic ought to be finished by the supervisors which will decrease the weight on the workers and furthermore referenced that as per various conditions the organization can decide an incorporated or decentralized methodology. Fayol fundamentally accepted that idea the association is concentrated it should give the subordinates enough power to do their obligations. Scalar chain: as indicated by fayol scalar chain is the ââ¬Å"line of authorityâ⬠or the ââ¬Å"chain of bosses from the most noteworthy to least levelsâ⬠. He asserted that if the laborers consistently follow the line of power it might prompt moderate dynamic for e.g.: if a project supervisor needs to connect with the promoting chief in regards to certain issues they are confronting he should experience a line of power which may require some serious energy. Fayol proposed that two people at a similar positioning can speak with one another without experiencing the chain of bosses. This breaking of the line of power was called ââ¬Å"gang plankâ⬠by fayol. Request: this standard is partitioned into ââ¬Å"materialâ⬠and ââ¬Å"social orderâ⬠. Request essentially implies that everything ought to be in its place or a spot for everything and everybody. This likewise underscores the correct man ought to be chosen for the correct activity and at the opportune time. As it is pleasantly put ââ¬Å"order as per fayol was only ââ¬Ëa place for everything (everybody) and everything (everybody) in its place. (P.C.Jain, C.Sharma, M.Nandrajog, 2003). Value: fayol got that if the laborers were given a reasonable and sensible treatment they would be inspired to try sincerely and give in their best execution. He accepted that workers ought not be segregated based on shading, station, age, sex, and so forth during any movement or conditions that turn up in the organization. Steadiness of residency of work force: as indicated by fayol the instability of staff in any association is an appalling sign and proceeds to show the inadequacy of the chief to keep his subordinates fulfilled and glad. The unsteadiness additionally ends up being an exorbitant issue for the association all in all. In the event that the organization needs to be a triumph it ought to guarantee that the representatives are content and are given sufficient opportunity to adjust to the environmental factors and the work place in order to give in their best exertion Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-15613635331047127842020-08-21T19:16:00.001-07:002020-08-21T19:16:32.592-07:00Individual Conflict Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsSingular Conflict Assessment - Essay Example The article Singular Conflict Assessment discusses the social clash as a tempest utilizing individual model which is best depicted as divergent. In the event that the relational domain resembles climate, the metrological powers in the air resemble the practices individuals take part in to address their issues and wants.Conflict in my group of starting point is best depicted as unique. It has been with the end goal that the meteorological powers of some have customarily consumed the assumption of others, or that the proceeded with energy of certain practices has overwhelmed the force of others. Strife in my family has frequently been unbalanced. By and by, I have been feeling exceptionally worried about clash. I frequently feel that I am condemned on the off chance that I do and cursed on the off chance that I donââ¬â¢t. On the off chance that somebody disagrees with me and I don't avoid, they will regularly press until they see what they accept to be capitulation. On the off chanc e that somebody disagrees with me and I object, they will frequently blame me for being raucous or rude.Likewise, I regularly felt a lot of worried about clash inside my group of cause. I frequently felt that my voice was not heard, that I was regularly encircled, and that for me there was no genuine equity at home. At the point when Mom and Dad were grinding away, it was natural selection between the kin present. Every so often you were more fit than others, and once in a while you just didnââ¬â¢t have the solidarity to retaliate. Mother and Dad once in a while agreed with me. I surmise the pressure originates from the information that occasionally nobody will be there to pay special mind to you. Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-84328029460409965742020-07-11T12:58:00.001-07:002020-07-11T12:58:03.072-07:00Topics to Write an Essay For College Transfer StudentTopics to Write an Essay For College Transfer StudentIf you're having a hard time coming up with topics to write an essay for college transfer student, you should know that your challenges are not unique. The reason why writing topics for transfer students is a difficult task is because there are so many different things that they are going to be interested in.The best way to get started with topics to write an essay for college transfer student is to look at their experiences with their chosen major. This will give you a better idea of what kind of stories they are going to be telling you about the class. If they attended it for two semesters, then you know they had a good experience.You can also read their writing and see if they deal with any academic issues. Some students will only attend a class for one semester, which means you should not worry about them just yet. However, there are still plenty of topics to write an essay for college transfer student about how they learned ab out academics.When you've found out everything you need to know about topics to write an essay for college transfer student, you can move on to the next step. Find out the different points of views, the student has and write down their answers. Keep track of how many times they disagreed with each other. With this information, you can develop topics to write an essay for college transfer student in no time.You should also find out what their opinions are on the various subjects that you've researched. This is the key to a well-written essay. A poorly written piece of paper can be dismissed as not worth the time spent on it because of the poorly written opinions.Remember that students are always looking for someone to speak for them and often give them their own opinion to help them make up their mind. You should never try to persuade them to agree with you or your viewpoint; you should leave them to their own devices.Although students tend to agree with other students, they also hav e different opinions. Instead of trying to convince them to change their opinion, you should simply state the facts. Tell them how you came to the conclusion that they have a point of view.You should know that there are many topics to write an essay for college transfer student in just a short amount of time. However, there are several points to remember before you go out and start writing for a few hours. Those points include remembering that they are different people with different opinions, and you should allow them to take control and write their own essay. Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-16615280250794425532020-06-24T10:45:00.001-07:002020-06-24T10:45:03.289-07:00BANG by Barry Lyga Has No Easy Answers posted on February 7, 2018 Note: This article is mostly copied from the review I wrote immediately after reading BANG, several weeks agoâ⬠¦this, frankly, has the strength of my visceral response. When I sit in my chair, in ugly-tears, way past my bedtime, I know Iââ¬â¢ve experienced a book that shook me to the core. Bangà by Barry Lyga, did just that. I saw characters learn and grow, take control of their lives and their epiphanies. I saw a wounded young man master his own story.à Sebastian, we know from the beginning, took his fatherââ¬â¢s gun off a table when he was four years old. He walked over to his 4-month-old sisterâ⬠¦and the unspeakable happened. How does a family survive? How does a child survive? We watch Sebastian deal with his memories, or lack thereof, deal with his broken parents and broken family, deal with the outsiders who think they know what happened that horrible day. His mother deals by stoically moving forward, without ever saying Lolaââ¬â¢s name. His father dealsâ⬠¦by deserting his family. Sebastian is left to navigate this grief on his own. Now, ten years later, Sebastian has created a kind of life for himself. He knows the other kids laugh at him and talk about him. But he has a friend who gives him some distance from the other students. But this year,Evan goes away for the summer.à Sebastian meets a new neighbor, Aneesa (by accident ââ¬â a funny scene), and her Muslim parents, a family who doesnââ¬â¢t know his storyâ⬠¦he finds a freedom he hasnââ¬â¢t had with others in town. He hopes this will be a new startâ⬠¦ But Sebastianââ¬â¢s voices haunt him: ââ¬Å"Is it time? Is it time?â⬠We worry about his emotional health, about his strength. He sees Aneesa and her parents deal with another kind of unwelcome attention from others, judgments and whispers. The two create a YouTube channel featuring Sebastianââ¬â¢s fantastic pizza-creation talents. They learn, push each other, and generally have funâ⬠¦something thatââ¬â¢s missing in his life. That, inadvertently, gives both young people an entirely new type of unwelcome attention that they must deal with. Scrutiny, watching eyes, sidelong glances, smirks. Nothing new to either of them, but now a new reason. The catalyst is when Sebastianââ¬â¢s English teacher assigns a paper to the class about a significant event in studentsââ¬â¢ lives and what they learned. Sebastian feels like sheââ¬â¢s assigned it with him in mind, and he knows what his teacher expects him to write about. He must decide how to handle the assignment. And his life, and his voices, and his parents, and his friendship with Aneesaâ⬠¦ Lyga takes dynamite issues from our lives: gun violence, prejudice against ââ¬Ëothersââ¬â¢, depression, and creates a character who faces it all with a courage beyond his yearsâ⬠¦a character we watch take one step and then another toward his destiny. Students will love this book for its honesty and humor and relationships.à Iââ¬â¢ve dried my tearsâ⬠¦but the book still haunts me. Sebastian haunts me. Sebastian is not the first Lyga character to haunt meâ⬠¦he has been a favorite author since a student introduced me to I Hunt Killers. Jasper Dent, the son of a serial killer fights a different battle for his own truth. I was able to meet the author (huge points from students for that picture!) and score an advance reader copy (ARC) of the second book in the series months before publication.à Need a hard-hitting book on relevant topics for teens? Students will love Bang by Barry Lyga for its honesty and humor and relationships. #litchat Click To Tweet Claudia SwisherIââ¬â¢ve retired after 39 years of teaching. Iââ¬â¢ve taught in 3 states, in 7 schools, for 10 principals, grades K-12 in public education. I am a teacher. fourthgenerationteacher.blogspot.com/ Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-21878036068856899342020-05-20T02:43:00.001-07:002020-05-20T02:43:05.245-07:00Gun Control - 1095 Words Gun Control: The Battle Rages On Abstract This paper discusses and is centered around the on-going debate over gun control, I directly address how each major political party views this subject and what I believe the United States Government should do to be able to best combat this tremendous issue. I use research from multiple sources that contrast each side of the argument and give an overall insight into the world of modernized gun control. Gun Control: The Battle Rages On With the Second Amendment giving American citizens the rights to bear arms, and approximately fifty percent of Americans owning some form of a firearm, issues involving the ownership and possession of guns have led to heated debates in American society. Mostâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦They take the term in an individual sense, therefore giving the individual the right to own and possess arms (Maguire, 1994, p. 58). The new laws and regulations being advocated by pro-gun controllers give those in opposition the feeling that their rights involving guns are slowly being taken away, and worry how far it will go. Having stated all of this information, it is imperative to choose what side of the gun control fence you stand on. Are you for gun control, or against it? A lot of the time people decide hastily without looking at both sides of the argument, or doing their own individual research before coming to a logical conclusion. When it comes to discussing how each major political party views this topic, it is often times easy to determine what position you defend or take on the issue because of the party you typically side with. The Democrats for instance often coincide with pro-gun control which not only favors strengthening gun control to reduce violence but also to reauthorize an assault weapons ban and close the gun show loophole that has been prevalent, especially in recent memory. The Republicans on the other hand are considered to tend to be more anti-gun control because of their policy on being able to obtain and store ammunition without registration, they also do not favor frivolous gun lawsuits and no federal gun licensing. What I believe the US Government should do about this issue is to incorporateShow MoreRelatedGun Control766 Words à |à 4 PagesGun Control Paper Gun Control has been an issue that has been brought to the publicââ¬â¢s eyes in recent years. This main issue has been going on for many years, for example when John F. Kennedy was assassinated; it raised public awareness to the lack of control on sales and also possession of guns in America. Until 1968 guns were available over the counter in stores and through mail catalogs to just about any adult in America. This was an example of how loosely guns were regulated which bring usRead MoreGun Violence And Gun Control1007 Words à |à 5 Pagesshootings and various other methods of gun violence, tens of thousands of people die every year. These gun-related deaths primarily originate from murder and children accidentally shooting themselves. Although those in favor of gun control tend to believe that guns should be terminated completely, the second amendment prevents lawmakers from being able to do so. Therefore, in order to combat these causes, alternative gun control solutions mu st be made for each one. Gun-related murders can be decreasedRead MoreThe Gun Laws And Gun Control965 Words à |à 4 Pagesoriginate from the accessibility of guns, but rather the actions of an individual that has disregard for life in today s society. There will always be ways for the offender commit crimes with or without guns. What is being done about gun control? We have all heard of all the tragedies throughout the country regarding guns. According to the President (2013) We know that we cannot stop every act of violence with guns, but what if we tried to stop even one? Weapon controls in the U.S. is structured atRead MoreGun Control For Gun Violence880 Words à |à 4 PagesIn 2015, 13,367 people lost their lives due to gun violence according to Gun Violence Archive. The Archive also states that out of that number, 693 were children from ages 0-11. We can all agree that there is indeed a problem that we have to address. The solution to that problem, however, has been debated by many. I believe the solution to this problem exists in three parts: Mandatory training and licensing along with more heavily secure gun storage, stricter regulations on the purchasing of a firearmââ¬âdisabilitiesRead MoreGuns And Their Effect On Gun Control962 Words à |à 4 PagesGuns and the ability to use them have been under attack in the United States and many other places throughout the World. There are groups of people that believe that as long as we have the right to bear arms that many unprotected people will lose their lives due to gun violence. There are many trends that come with gun violence and where these mass shooting occur, but a main one is that when a place legally prohibits carrying a weapon then that is where the most gun violence happens. Where guns areRead MoreGuns And Gun Control855 Words à |à 4 PagesThe rise in cases of gun violence and related incidences of assault has drawn the public to the issue of guns and gun control. Such has been evident within the spheres of politics especially with the last election period seeing the incumbent president Donald Trump suggesting on stringent gun control laws. However, despite the acknowledgment of the need to have better gun laws, much ground and consensus has never reached. Such, to an extent, contributed to the current lack of political goodwill withinRead MoreThe I ssue Of Gun Control Essay868 Words à |à 4 Pages Gun Control Gun Control. Opposing Viewpoints Online Collection. Detroit: Gale, 2016. Opposing Viewpoints in Context. Web. 30 Apr. 2016. In this website, it discusses the debatable topic of gun control. In the article titled Gun Control, it states that the ââ¬Å"The United States is the leader in per-capita gun deaths among industrial nations.â⬠The main point of this article was to get the point across about the controversy that this has brought into the United States, not only does it quote influentialRead More Gun Control Essay1065 Words à |à 5 Pages Gun Control Throughout America there is the constant debate concerning the second amendment or the right to bare arms. One day an innocent kid walking home from school gets shot in a drive by shooting is he just a victim of circumstance or could this of been easily prevented. There are lobbyist for the private ownership of guns and lobbyist for legislation to ban personal possession of guns for good. In this paper I hope that just maybe I can persuade you to think differently on a topic thatââ¬â¢sRead MoreThe Assault Of Gun Control920 Words à |à 4 PagesGun control has become a hot topic in the United States as of now. There will be those who are for guns and those who are against guns. Those who are for guns, assert that it is our right to bear arms according to the 2nd amendment and those who are against guns, believe that guns are unnecessary and cause more violence. Assault weapons, in particular, have caused too many deaths and the government needs to put a ban on assault weapons. First and foremost, assault weapons have claimed the livesRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control Essay982 Words à |à 4 PagesGuns have become a serious issue in todayââ¬â¢s society. There have been incalculable incidents that involved a gun causing physical harm to a person. This can occur when guns are not properly stored in a safe location. House Bill 75 has been proposed to help solve this problem. With this bill set in place, if a minor has the ability to access a firearm unauthorized, the person responsible for that firearm will receive criminal penalties. As a matter of a fact, there have been cases reported about Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-26743528991385269142020-05-18T17:02:00.001-07:002020-05-18T17:02:05.823-07:00The Nutcracker Live At The Ellie Caulkins Opera The Nutcracker: Live On the 26th of November, 2016, I had the wonderful opportunity to witness the Colorado Ballet Orchestra perform the nutcracker live. The concert was at the Ellie Caulkins Opera House, and the phenomenal symphony was led by Adam Flatt. This was my first ever classical concert as well as concert, and I was not disappointed. The performance was wonderful, and the opera house was beautiful. The Nutcracker performance was one hour and fifty minutes long, therefore, in this essay, I plan to pick out the points that stood out. To begin this essay, I am going to summarize the story behind the nutcracker. Next, I will analyze the two most notable and my personal favorite parts of the performance. Those parts were the battle scene and the Dance of the Sugar Plum Fairy. Finally, I will summarize the melody of the music throughout, and the general feel of the entire performance. Summary of Story The nutcracker is a classic Christmas story that originated in Russia set to music by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky and brought to life with the art of ballet by E.T.A. Hoffmann.Since then, the story has taken many different variations, titles, and adaptations to suit its viewers while retaining its original composition and meaning. The story is mainly about a little girl named Clara. In the story, her godfather Drosselmeyer comes to their house for Christmas. Clara and her junior brother, Fritz, really love their godfather, because every Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-25353459617998695672020-05-06T22:55:00.001-07:002020-05-06T22:55:14.347-07:00Electricity Policy Reform and Responsible Government in... With many different religious, ethnic, and social groups, the Republic of India is a unique and diverse state. Since gaining independence, India has faced a challenge of encouraging the variegated people within its borders to embrace and celebrate a common Indian identity even while nurturing their distinct cultures and traditions. This diversity is reflected throughout social and political challenges in Indian society. Although the different federal states are given a certain amount of leeway to accommodate for the populationââ¬â¢s heterogeneity, the central government maintain a great amount of power for purpose of holding the nation together. As India has developed, one of its focusesâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦In general, however, the Indian government still maintains a great amount of control over the electricity sector. Its centralized control over the sector remains largely intact and is directly accountable by the government to the people, thus indicative of a responsib le government. With an annual population growth of 1.3 percent (United Nations 2013), Indiaââ¬â¢s energy needs are growing, especially in regards to electricity. Because new energy gains require multiples of power use, for the Indian economy to expand, electricity production has to rise more rapidly than total output. Thus far, areas of India remain in the dark: the ââ¬Å"rise of 122 percent in [electric] generation [has been] insufficient for continued expansionâ⬠(DeVotta, 138). Still, the electricity sector has grown substantially since independence. Installed capacity in 1950 was 1,713 megawatts; by 2002 it had grown to 104,918 megawatts (Kale 2004). However, per capita annual electricity consumption, which increased from approximately 13 kilowatt-hours in 1951 to 365 kilowatt-hours in 2001, remains low. At the federal level, Indiaââ¬â¢s government has initiated a major policy initiative to make electricity generation and supply commercially viable. As part of the 20 01 Energy Conservation Act, the government outlined an ambitious plan for achieving 100 percent village-level electrification by the end of 2007 and total householdShow MoreRelatedAn Investigative Study About Deregulation ( Restructuring ) Of Indian Power Sector2061 Words à |à 9 Pagesby introducing restructuring and deregulation in electrical power sector. Deregulation involves unbundling of different components of power system, availability of components for sale and also forming new set of rules for operation and sales of electricity [1]. An main and important aspect of deregulation is restructuring. Restructuring means unbundling of power system into both horizontal and vertical components. Vertical integrated utilities are mainly broken up into three main components, i.e.Read MorePower Distribution Reforms in India ââ¬â a Journey from Monopoly Towards Competition.2032 Words à |à 9 PagesPower Distribution Reforms in India ââ¬â A journey from Monopoly towards Competition. Case Objective: Power a basic human need is the critical infrastructure on which modern economic activity is fully dependent. Only 55% households in India have access to Electricity. Most of those who have access do not get uninterrupted reliable supply. In this era of globalization, it is essential that electricity of good qualities is provided at reasonable rates for economic activity so that competitiveness increasesRead MorePower Distribution Reforms in India ââ¬â a Journey from Monopoly Towards Competition.2020 Words à |à 9 PagesPower Distribution Reforms in India ââ¬â A journey from Monopoly towards Competition. 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On the other handRead MoreIndi The Next Economic Superpower1540 Words à |à 7 Pagesbelieve India is going to be the next economic superpower because of many different factors but not without change to traditional practices. Macroeconomics is a branch of economics dealing with the performance, structure, behavior, and decision-making of an economy as a whole, rather than individual markets. Macroeconomics simplifies the analysis of how the countryââ¬â¢s total production and level of employment are related to attrib utes including national, regional, and global economies. India being theRead MoreHistory of Electricity in Kerala - Dr D Shina12889 Words à |à 52 PagesHISTORY OF ELECTRICITY IN KERALA ââ¬â Dr D Shina S N COLLEGE, Kollam, Kerala, India email - achushina@gmail.com ORIGIN AND GROWTH OF ELECTRICITY The history of electricity can be traced back to the eighteenth century. The first instance of sensing the phenomenon of electricity was the accidental observation of what was later found out to be neon glow by Framas Bauksbw in 1709 at the Royal Society in London. Luigi Galvani observed moving of the legs of a dead frog when touched with a metal scalpelRead Moreindustrial relations systems in India1700 Words à |à 7 PagesOutlining the formal industrial relations systems in India and comparing it to Australian industrial relations systems. Describing the views on how appropriate Indian industrial system is for modern industry and commerce. Executive summary: The determination of this report is to compare the industrial relationship system of India and Australia. The assessments provided here describes how appropriate Indian system is for modern industry and commerce. The conclusions gives a clear view of IndustrialRead MoreIndia s Electricity Crisis From Uttar Pradesh State1818 Words à |à 8 Pages ELECTRICITY CRISIS IN INDIA (UTTAR PRADESH STATE) Name: Zhaomengqi Wang Instructor: Anshul Rana Course: SA. 790.722: Infrastructure and Development in South Asia Date : Nov 11 2016 Words:1460 â⬠¢ Introduction Uttar Pradesh State in India has been a severe victim of electricity shortages for several years . Data from the Central Electricity Authority indicates that by May 2015, Uttar Pradeshââ¬â¢s power availability was around 11.6% less than maximum demand, compared to Indiaââ¬â¢s power shortage ofRead MoreCritical Analysis of New Indian Economic Policy5290 Words à |à 22 PagesINTRODUCTION TO INDIAN ECONOMY The economy of India as per the GDP is the eleventh largest economy in the world and by purchasing power parity the fourth largest. Following strong economic reforms from the socialist inspired economy of Indian nation before the time of independence, the country began to develop a fast-paced economic growth, as free market principles were initiated in 1990 for international competition and foreign investment. India is an emerging economic power with a very largeRead MoreSummer Training Report on Delhi Transco Limited7876 Words à |à 32 PagesIntroduction Electricity plays a vital role in our day-to-day life.à It powers our houses, industries, hospitals and in fact our entire economy.à Electricityà (from theà New Latinà Ãâlectricus, amber-like) is a general term that encompasses a variety of phenomena resulting from the presence and flow ofà electric charge. When we consider electricity, we usually think of electric power, and thats how well use the term here. Electricity is energy, and energy can do work. Electric power, electricity, is used Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-89339282218861355642020-05-06T20:58:00.001-07:002020-05-06T20:58:25.088-07:00Entry Essay for Engineering Program at Texas AM - 577 Words Seconds gave birth to minutes and minutes to hours, yet my concentration remained resolute. Despite the daunting nature of the task, I remained determined in what I had to achieve. For the first time applying some rudimentary scientific ideas I managed to build an intricate model of a toy car. ââ¬Å"You shall grow up to become an Engineer one day,â⬠my father exclaimed gazing at my laudable piece of creativity. I was only eleven and yet those prophetic words unknowingly chartered my future course for me. There are no engineers in my family to persuade me into becoming one. It was my own interest and curiosity that drove me into analyzing how things work. Over the years I have developed a passion for solving complex problems that involve technical challenges. I have learnt that an engineering problem does not have a standard solution to it and that an engineer has to choose the best from amongst the various options. The process of applying scientific methods to solve real-life problems continued to intrigue me throughout my years of study, initially in the context of my own behavior, and later to observe and investigate its impact on an increasing affinity towards Engineering. When I was twelve, I went on a school trip to apipe factory in Lahore. I was fascinated by the way pipes were being subjected to hydrostatic pressure tests to check the weld strength and flattening and bend tests to maintain strict quality control. Overwhelmed by the involvement of Physics and Math inShow MoreRelatedWhat Is A Civil Engineer?1500 Words à |à 6 Pagesstadium, like the Astrodome. As I began researching further into a career in civil engineering, I found that it is a very interesting, yet rewarding career. However, there are numerous barriers that a person interested in this career must overcome in order to be successful due to the huge responsibilities involved. In this essay I will discuss the path a person must take if they are considering a career in civil engineering and what to expect along the way. Professionals in this career field must beingRead MoreRsytvboub7277 Words à |à 30 Pagesopportunities for improvement that may considerably advance UMS practices. DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE) IS.1943-555X.0000269. à © 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. Author keywords: Utility relocation; Utility management systems (UMSs); Subsurface utility engineering (SUE). Introduction Issues related to utilities are one of the major causes of construction delays in roadway construction projects and can cause significant cost increases (Lees and Scott 2002; Kraus et al. 2013b). Public agencies routinelyRead MoreThe Infinite Stupidity of Humans and the Universe Essay2754 Words à |à 12 Pagesits significance using computers. Calculate orbits and determine sizes, shapes, brightness, and motions of different celestial object bodies. Collaborate with other astronomers to carry out research projects. Develop and modify astronomy related programs for public presentation. Develop instrumentation and software for astronomical observation and analysis. Develop theories based on personal observations or on observations and theories of astronomers. Direct the operations of a planetarium and measureRead MoreProject Managment Case Studies214937 Words à |à 860 PagesPrinted in the United States of America Contents Preface xi 1 PROJECT MANAGEMENT METHODOLOGIES 1 Lakes Automotive 3 Fems Healthcare, Inc. Clark Faucet Company 2 5 7 11 IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT Kombs Engineering 13 Williams Machine Tool Company 15 Wynn Computer Equipment (WCE) 17 The Reluctant Workers 20 Hyten Corporation 22 Macon, Inc. 35 Continental Computer Corporation 37 Goshe Corporation 43 Acorn Industries 49 MIS Project Management at First NationalRead MoreSolution Manual, Test Bank and Instructor Manuals34836 Words à |à 140 PagesGeorge S. Kriz, Gary M. Lampman, Randall G. Engel (IM) A People and a Nation A History of the United States, Brief Edition, Volume I, 9th Edition_Mary Beth Norton, Carol Sheriff, David W. Blight, Howard P. 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Foreign Study High schools can have an impact on students career choice in college for they can provide students withRead MoreErp Sap Research Paper46896 Words à |à 188 PagesEnterprise Systems for Management Systems Integration 1 35 58 Enterprise Systems ArchitectUl e Development Life Cycle Implementation Strategies 85 112 136 156 189 211 Software and Vendor Selection Operations and Postimplementation Program and Project Management Organizational Change and Business Process Reengineering 10 Global, Ethics and SecUl ity Management 11 Supply Chain Management 278 306 245 12 Customer Relationship Management 327 . \ PREFACE xi xvii Read MoreBhp Billiton7455 Words à |à 30 Pages Prepared For M. Nazmul Amin Majumdar Course Instructor BRACU Business School BRAC University Prepared By Shiab Khan (13164039) Sanzida Parvin (13164025) Tanzir Islam (13164087) SK Yaishi Binte Zaman (12264035) Ahammed Riaz(13164009) Date of Submission: April 2, 2015 BHP Billiton Limited Introduction: BHP Billiton is worldââ¬â¢s largest diversified natural resources company. The company was created by the merger of two companies, BHP Ltd (An Australian mining company) and Billiton PLC (An UK basedRead MoreFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words à |à 1056 Pagesstudy smarter save money From multiple study paths, to self-assessment, to a wealth of interactive visual and audio resources, WileyPLUS gives you everything you need to personalize the teaching and learning experience. à » F i n d o u t h ow t o M A K E I T YO U R S à » www.wileyplus.com ALL THE HELP, RESOURCES, AND PERSONAL SUPPORT YOU AND YOUR STUDENTS NEED! 2-Minute Tutorials and all of the resources you your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student supportRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 Pages52 Intellectual Abilities 52 â⬠¢ Physical Abilities 55 â⬠¢ The Role of Disabilities 56 Implementing Diversity Management Strategies 56 Attracting, Selecting, Developing, and Retaining Diverse Employees 56 â⬠¢ Diversity in Groups 58 â⬠¢ Effective Diversity Programs 58 Summary and Implications for Managers 60 S A L Self-Assessment Library Whatââ¬â¢s My Attitude Toward Older People? 40 Myth or Science? ââ¬Å"Dual-Career Couples Divorce Lessâ⬠47 An Ethical Choice Religious Tattoos 51 glOBalization! Images of Diversity Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-50647223297143627192020-05-06T07:18:00.001-07:002020-05-06T07:18:42.874-07:00Pmtimes Resources For The Project Managers ââ¬Myassignmenthelp.Com Question: Discuss About The Pmtimes Resources For The Project Managers? Answer: Introduction One of the key qualities that a sound management should have is the ability to assess the risks involved in the organization. Procuring of the necessary inputs in the organization is another vital part of the business operations. Organizations and individuals develop projects that are aimed at enhancing the growth of the business. Every project needs inputs that are procured from suppliers or other sources. Developed projects have potential risks associated with them. Project risks should be assessed at the project formulation stage and methods of dealing with the risks should be drafted. Mismanagement of procurement could also contribute to the failure of the developed project. Project risk and procurement management have a linear relationship in the logic that if procurement management is poor, the projects risk of failure increases and when the procurement management is good, the chance of project success is high. There different aspects of project risk and procurement management and their impacts on organizations activities. The article will evaluate the impact of project risk and procurement management on businesses and business activities. Project risk A project risk can be defined as an uncertain event that if it occurs, has either a positive or negative impact on one or more project objectives[1]. Project risk affects the set objectives that the project was purposed to achieve. No project is risk-free and for this reason, risk management plans are placed in place to ensure that if the risks occur, there are means to deal with them and reduce the impact they have on the project. Project risk involves risks that are known and other risks that are unknown. Some of the risks that are known include; safety risks in construction, change in local currency which affects the purchasing power of the money in the project, and bad weather that affect projects that depend on good weather. Lack of commitment from stakeholders and the executive is usually the first cause of risk occurrence. Incompetent management and inefficient resources also lead to project risk occurring[2]. Some of the major causes of project risk include; Poor preparation- lack of a clear picture of how the success of the project will look like, lack of proper allocation of resources, and delay in project initiation leads to project risk. Preparation is a crucial stage of a project and failure of adequate preparation leads to a high probability of risk occurrence. Poor leadership- every management level has a role to play to contribute to the success of the business. Lack of support from the management leads to the delay of arrivals of inputs as well as delays in payments of the workers which causes the project to halt and takes more time than initially intended. Inexperienced project managers- project managers are responsible for driving the project forward and ensuring that the expectations of the stakeholders are achieved. Roles of the project manager involve assigning people to the correct duties that match their skills and experience, ensuring that the project is on track regarding the time frame, and ensuring that all resources involved in the project are utilized accordingly to avoid wastage. A project manager who cannot carry out the required duties leads to several project risks and the eventual failure of the project. Inaccurate cost estimates- incorrect estimates of inputs that will be involved in the project often increase the probability of project risk. Inaccurate estimates lead to purchase of few resources which run out during the implementation of the project causing the project to halt. Poor communication- lack of proper communication at different levels o management hinders the flow of vital information. Poor communication leads to unsolved issues that hinder the progress of the project. The workers should be able to talk to their seniors about any concerns they have, and the management should communicate any information regarding the project promptly to avoid delays. There are also positive risks which affect the project. Most of the positive risks are taken as opportunities for the business are mainly due overestimation of the required resources and cost of the project Project risk management Project risk is inevitable in any project. Project management serves to ensure that the risks are maintained at a minimal level. Project managers have to identify the risks that may arise during the project in developing strategies to handle the risks. Project management ensures that the risks have minimum effect on the success of the project. Risk management involves four steps which help in the control of the risk. These steps include; Identification of risk- the first step is identifying the risks that have a possibility of occurring. Risk identification is important in project planning because strategies of dealing with the risks are put in place in the early stages of the project. Some of the notable risks are supplier risk, resource risk, and budget risk. The resource risk affects the project when there is inadequate human capital or the available human resource is not skilled enough. The budget risk affects the project when the cost of the project is more than what was anticipated. Risk quantification- quantification of risk involves analyzing the likelihood of the occurrence of the risk. The risks that have a high chance of occurrence and could have a big impact on the process are addressed first. The risks are quantified in four levels: low, medium, high and critical. Critical risks can affect the project by a high magnitude and can even cause the failure of the project. Risk response- the project managers are charged with the duty to determine the best way to deal with the possible risk. Risk response involves the implementation of strategies that are I place to keep the effects of the risk at minimum levels. Project risks are divided into positive and negative risks. Due to this reason, the project managers have to choose the strategies that will best handle the risk. The strategies may involve handling risks that can be avoided, ignoring the risk, especially the positive risks, correcting the risk, and accepting the risk. Monitoring and controlling risk- after the risk is identified and dealt with, the project manager has to monitor the occurrence of the risk again and identify new risks. The risk is controlled to keep the effects down. Mechanisms are laid out to monitor and assess the risk as well as another emerging risk, monitoring and controlling of the project risk ensures the uninterrupted progress of the project. Some of the characteristics of a good project risk management include; Prioritizing the risk- a sound risk management prioritizes the risk in the project. The risk managers gather to draft strategies to mitigate the risks and strategies of the risks that may arise. The critical risks are given first priority and are addressed earlier in the project. Integrity- a good risk management team has to be independent and operate separately from the project team. Independence of the team will ensure that the management will do as it sees fit on dealing with the risks. High data quality- data is essential in solving of risks. A sound risk management should have quality and accurate data to enable effectiveness when dealing with the project risk. Data enables data analysis and ultimately enables formulation of effective strategies for dealing with the project risk Use of the appropriate management tools- a major characteristic of a sound risk management is the use of the right tools. The right management tools range from SWOT analysis to the use of the right computer software such as Excel, to more quantitative tools of risk analysis such as decision tree model. The appropriate management tools make it possible for the management to fully analyze the data and come up with conclusive findings which aid in the formulation of risk strategies. Benchmarking culture- a good risk management is willing to embrace and apply practices from other organizations. Sound management compares its risk management process to the processes of other successful and organized organization to learn and adopt the useful concept. The risk management also invites external experts to benchmark on the applied risk management process and give their opinion and critic. Mature risk management engages in dialogues on professional platforms and forums to exchange ideas on risk management processes. Follow up- a good risk management includes the findings of the risk analysis in the agendas of the organization and ensures that follow up actions are taken. The findings of the analysis are used by the organization in the future to make difficult decisions. Follow up actions are important to determine the effectiveness of the applied strategy in mitigating the risk. Risk management generally involves identifying, analyzing, and mitigating risks that can affect the project. Risk management consists of the outlined action plan that leads to the elimination of risk that exists in the projects. The risk management techniques employed are dependent on the nature of the project. Benefits of a sound risk management include Avoids big problems that could lead to failure of the project Enhances the project's revenue by saving on the expenses that would have consumed much money due to the risk Increases the sense of responsibility and accountability in the project managers Helps the organization focus on the opportunities rather than the risks Enables completion of the project on time thus giving the business a competitive advantage over the other firms. Overall, in the planning process of the project, project risk should be considered. The management and all the stakeholders of the project should formulate strategies to deal with the risk. Proper planning ensures that the obvious risks such as labor shortage and inadequate budgeting are avoided. The risk management is left to deal with other challenges that may arise rather than the risk that comes about due to ignorance in the planning process. The risk management team should be involved in the planning of the project to implementation and completion of the task. A sound risk management should pose the qualities discussed in the report. Risk management is a fundamental determinant of the success or failure of a project. An organization with mature risk management ensure that data analysis is carried in an efficient manner so as to obtain accurate data which is crucial to strategy formulation. Procurement Management Procurement is an essential aspect of any business or institution. Organizations have to purchase certain inputs that are vital to the functioning of the organization. The procurement process involves a chain of processes that enable the movement of the necessary resources from the sellers to the organization. Procurement involves the selection of sellers, determining the payment plans, vetting of the suppliers, negotiation of the business contracts and making the actual purchase. Procurement takes into account all the factors involved during a trade; delivery, marginal benefit, inflation levels and price fluctuations. Procurement is split into two categories; Direct spend-direct spend involves procurement of all goods that are finished products such as finished components. Direct spend influences manufacturing since the factories depend on raw materials. Indirect procurement- the procurement of inputs that do not relate to production is classified under indirect procurement. Indirect spend involves the acquisition of a wide range of products such as office utensils, machines, machine spare parts, lubricants, tables, and desks. Procurement is viewed as a tactical means of acquiring goods and services compared to a simple purchase. Procurement can be defined as the acquisition of services, goods, and work from external sources[3]. Procurement ensures that the business activities run smoothly throughout the trading period. The procurement process involves a series of activities that are integrated to serve a single purpose of acquiring different goods from different external suppliers. A system is laid down for the procurement process to flow smoothly. The system is run and managed by the procurement management. Procurement management is the work process of monitoring, controlling and managing the procurement activities.[4] Procurement management controls the acquisition activities through four steps; Planning-the first stage involves identification of the important aspects and requirements. Planning involves identification of the potential vendors, the costs that the process will incur, the quantities and description of the items to be acquired, and the time frame required for the items to arrive. Plan execution- the second step is to put the plan into action. The execution of the plan involves vetting the potential vendors and settling on the ones that are most appealing. The vendors are contacted and requested to submit their proposals for the requested transactions. The plan execution has to be in line with the set objectives. The prices of the intended goods should be determined and compared with the previous invoices to determine the necessary changes. The final stage of the plan execution step is making the actual purchase. Control and monitor the procurement- after the purchase is made, the procurement management ensures that what was ordered is what is brought to the organization. Any changes that are necessary are handled at this stage. The procurement managers have the duty to ensure that the relationship between the supplier and the organization is maintained for a steady flow of the procured products. All the necessary documents are filled for future reference. Delivery and handling of the items are monitored to ensure that nothing is damaged. Finalizing the process-the final steps involve closing the procurement process. After the procurement management is satisfied with the items and approves all of them, the procurement process is closed The procurement management plan is set to guide the whole procurement team on what to do. Failure to adhere to the plan leads to consequences which include; Procurement risk- the procurement management plan serves to solve the problem of transparency in the acquisition process. The procurement process is subject to risk due to the purchasing activities of the team members. The plan involves strategic plans in place for avoiding risks of transparency and supply risk. Failure to abide by the plan leads occurrence of the risks that will translate to other departments of the institution. Inconsistency the procurement plan ensures that the procurement practices are as per the requirements. Failure by the procurement team to follow the procurement plan will cause inconsistency in procurement activities which will cause the institution additional costs in order for new equipment. Inconsistency cause frustration among the stakeholders who become confused on what to expect. Knowledge gaps- the procurement management plan ensures that information flows to every team member letting everyone know of any changes and the expectations of everyone in the team. When the plan is not followed by every team member, some of the workers will try and carry out the procurement activities by their own personal means. Such practices will lead to breakage of information and the process becomes distorted as the workers are working individually instead of working as a unit. The lack of clear direction by the workers leads to confusion within the department and many errors are made which lead to more money being spent to compensate for the bad acquisition Procurement management and project risk The procurement management in any organization influences and affects the projects in the organization. Project risk is partially dependent on the procurement management. Every project depends on the acquisition of the resources necessary to proceed with the project. A sound procurement management ensures that the inputs required for the project arrive on time and are of the right standards. The procurement management is the determinant of how smooth the project will progress. The procurement plan should be set to ensure that the projects requirements are always available at the time of need. A bad procurement management leads to the acquisition of the wrong inputs either in quality or quantity. The wrong inputs cannot be used in the project causing the task to stop as new orders are made and the wrong ones returned. Lack of monitoring by the procurement management leads to damage of the resources acquired which in turns slows down the project as the equipment is repaired. Failure of the procurement management leads to additional cos on the project which adds to the project risk, When the procurement management is good and the team is properly coordinated, the project risk reduction, and it enhances time-saving which also translates to savings in capital when the project is finished before the set time frame. A sound management maintains a good relationship with the suppliers in a manner that the suppliers can willingly supply to the organization the required inputs on credit or on emergency cases. Supplier risk, quality risk, shortage risk and time risk can be avoided by an efficient procurement management. Conclusion In general, every project in any organization is subject to project risk. Proper strategies should be put in place to deal with and avoid the project risk. Risks that are obvious to the stakeholders and the management should be eliminated in the planning process so that the project manager should be left with the risks that may emerge during the project. Project risk involves any occurrence that that may have either a positive or negative impact on the objectives of the plan. There is a need for proper communication during the implementation of every stage of the project. Proper planning is also vital to the mitigation of project risk. Procurement management also plays a role in determining the fate of the project. A sound procurement management will ensure that the projects required inputs are always available and are in the right quantity and of the right quality. References Chadwick, Deene. "commonsensical project Risk Definition." PMtimes Resources for project managers. september 11, 2013. https://www.projecttimes.com/articles/commonsensical-project-risk-defination.html (accessed October 10, 2017). Dalkin, John. "DEFINITION-WHAT IS PROCUREMENT?" CAPITAL . july 10, 2014. https://www.capital.uk.com/2014/07/defination-procurement/ (accessed October 10, 2017). Mar, Anna. "management-project management-project risk-project risks (list)." simplicable. june 28, 2016. htpps://management.simplicable.com/management/news/130-project-risks (accessed October 10, 2017).s the PD. "procurement management." THE PROJECT DEFINITION. DECEMBER 14, 2015. https://the projectdefination.com/procurement-management/ (accessed OCTOBER 10, 2017). Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-61064509862586865432020-05-06T04:22:00.001-07:002020-05-06T04:22:08.476-07:00Second Language Aquisition free essay sample Language Acquisition What is Second Language Acquisition? In second language learning, language plays an institutional and social role in the community. It functions as a recognized means of communication among members who speak some other language as their native tongue. In foreign language learning, language plays no major role in the community and is primarily learned in the classroom. The distinction between second and foreign language learning is what is learned and how it is learned. Slide 2: Learning a second language requires: 1. formal language instruction in an academic setting; 2. nteractions with the second language outside of the classroom; 3. pedagogical practices, strategies and methodologies which facilitate second language learning (how); and 4. teaching the four language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing along with comprehension and thinking (what). Slide 3: The study of second language acquisition involves: 1. how second languages are learned ( the proc ess); 2. how learners create a new language system with limited exposure (interactions); 3. language proficiency levels (competence and performance of the language); and 4. hy some learners achieve native-like proficiency. How Do Learners Acquire a Second Language? Learners acquire a second language by making use of existing knowledge of the native language, general learning strategies, or universal properties of language to internalize knowledge of the second language. These processes serve as a means by which the learner constructs an interlanguage (a transitional system reflecting the learnerââ¬â¢s current L2 knowledge). Communication strategies are employed by the learner to make use of existing knowledge to cope with communication difficulties. Slide 4: Learners acquire a second language by drawing on their background experiences and prior knowledge in their first language. They experiment with the second language by using features found in their first language which are similar to those in the second language. This dependence on the first language serves to help the learner construct an interlanguage, a transitional system consisting of the learnerââ¬â¢s current second language knowledge. Communication strategies help the learners use what they already know to overcome breakdowns in communication. Slide 5: Individual differences affect second language acquisition. These differences may be developmental, cognitive, affective or social. There are factors that are fixed which we cannot control such as age and language learning aptitude. There are some variable factors such as motivation which are controlled by social setting and the course taken for developing the second language. Teachers need to know that variable factors are controlled through the learning environment, by knowing their studentsââ¬â¢ cognitive styles, their learning preferences, how they teach, and what they teach. Slide 6: There are many different types of learner strategies which teachers need to be aware of in order to understand the strategies children bring with them and how they learn best. Language learners may need to be taught strategies for relating new knowledge to prior knowledge, for organizing information more effectively and for seeking opportunities for communicating with target language speakers. Slide 7: Researchers identified a natural order of strategies for developing a second language. The order of development starts with the very simple imitation of a word or language structure, to self-talk, to self-correcting, and to role-playing. An awareness of this natural order can help teachers of second language learners plan lessons to facilitate language learning and increase the learnersââ¬â¢ self-esteem and self-confidence. Slide 8: There are several theories of second language acquisition which have provided information on how second languages are learned. The Universalists studied a wide-range of languages to find out how languages vary and what makes them vary. They looked at language patterns, language universals (features of language which are common across many languages) as well as other properties of language. Slide 9: Universalists also claimed that language is acquired through innateness (nature) and that certain conditions trigger the development of language (nurture). The search for meaning is innate. Activities and instructional materials need to be presented in a meaningful, relevant and interesting manner in order to allow students to make language learning connections. Slide 10: Behaviorists claimed that learners learn by undergoing training and practice through a series of stimulus and response chains and operant conditioning. The environment provides the stimulus and the learner provides the response. According to the Behaviorist theory, reinforcement motivates the formation of a language habit. Behaviorist Theory (Continued) Theory When the learner learns a language, this learning includes a set of stimulusresponse-reward (S-R-R) chains. Imitation provides the learner with a repertoire of appropriate, productive responses. The learner learns to imitate or approximate the productive responses provided by the environment. The characteristics of human and non-human learners include the ability to: 1. 2. 3. 4. respond to stimuli in a certain way; intuitively evaluate the reward potential of responses; extract the important parameters that made up the stimulus response (positive reward chains); and generalize these parameters to similar situations to form classes of S-R-R chains. Slide 11: Language learning requires effort and practice. Behaviorists further claimed that learners imitate or approximate productive responses. For instance, learning how to write is not universal across cultures because some cultures do not have a history of written language, therefore learning how to write involves a conscious effort and specific training, as well as a willingness to learn by trial and error. Responding to stimuli in this instance is critical in order for writing to take place. Slide 12: Nativists claimed that language learning is biologically determined. Each person is born with an innate ability to learn language. The basic innate language learning capacities are referred to as the Language Acquisition Device (LAD). This view asserts that the environment only serves to trigger the Language Acquisition Device (LAD) which determines what children acquire. Children acquire much of their language ability before coming to school, thus supporting the innate structures argument. Nativist Theory (Continued) 1. 2. 3. the ability to distinguish speech sounds from other sounds in the environment; Theory McNeill (1966) described the LAD as consisting of four innate linguistic properties: the ability to organize linguistic events into various classes that can be refined later; knowledge that only a certain kind of linguistic system is possible and that other kinds are not; and the ability to engage in constant evaluation of the developing linguistic system in order to construct the simplest possible system out of the linguistic data that are encountered. 4. Nativists have contributed to the discoveries of how the system of child language works. Theorists such as Chomsky, McNeill, and others helped us understand that a childââ¬â¢s language, at any given point, is a legitimate system in its own right. Slide 13: The Nativists also contend that learners actively construct grammar for themselves by actively listening to the language around them and trying to determine the patterns in the utterances. Learners progress through language in predictable stages. The learner will not respond to error correction if he/she is not developmentally ready. Slide 14: Cognitivists claimed that the conditions for learning language are the same conditions that are necessary for any kind of learning. They believed that human beings have the capacity for developing logical thinking. Acquiring knowledge is a cognitive process which involves automatic processing (rountinzed) and controlled (temporary) learning. Cognitivist Theory (Continued) Language Learning as a Cognitive Process 1. 2. Theory Learning a language involves internal representations that regulate and guide performance. Automatic processing activates certain nodes in memory when appropriate input is present. Activation is a learned response. Memory is a large collection of nodes. Controlled processing is not a learned response. It is a temporary activation of nodes in a sequence. Skills are learned and routinized only after the earlier use of controlled processes have been used. Learner strategies contain both declarative knowledge i. e. knowing the ââ¬Ëwhatââ¬â¢ of the language-internalized rules and memorized chunks of language, and procedural knowledge i. e. know the ââ¬Ëhowââ¬â¢ of the language system to employ strategies. 3. 4. 5. 6. Slide 15: The Cognitive theory underscores the fact that the learner brings an innate mental capacity to the learning task. He/she also brings perceptions of relationships between what he knows and what he/she needs to know. Learner strategies are used for learning the rules of a language and how to use the language for different audiences and purposes. Theories of Second Language Acquisition (Continued Social Interactionist Theory supports the view that the development of language comes from the early interactions between infants and caregivers. Social interactionists stress: Theory the importance of a childââ¬â¢s interactions with parents and other caregivers; the importance of ââ¬Å"mothereseâ⬠; contributions of context and world knowledge; and the importance of goals Glew (1998) claims that learners have to be pushed in their negotiation of meaning to produce comprehensible output. The classroom context needs to provide adequate opportunities for target language use to allow learners to develop competence in the target language. Slide 16: Social interactionists believe that human language emerged from the social role that language plays in human interactions. They further believed that the environment plays a key role and that adults in the childââ¬â¢s linguistic environment are instrumental in language acquisition. Language learners need many opportunities for using the target language in order to develop competence. Slide 17: Social interaction is the key to language processing. Input from the social interactions provides a model for negotiation opportunities. Vygotsky (1978) believed that learners bring two levels of development to the learning: an actual developmental level and a potential developmental level. These two levels are referred to as the Zone of Proximal Development. Learners can move from actual development to proximal development through social interactions with others. Slide 18: Krashen proposed five hypotheses for second language acquisition. He explored the notion that acquisition is different from learning because one takes place in a natural environment while the other takes place in an academic setting. He further claimed that we learn language in a predictable order. Some language structures are learned earlier than others. The monitor is the self-correcting mechanism that learners use to edit what they say before they speak or write. The learner can overuse the monitor and stifle communication. Slide 19: Krashen proposed that when learners are provided with comprehensible input they acquire more. When the learnerââ¬â¢s affective filter is up, this means that information is not reaching the learner. This may be because of fear, anxiety or low selfconfidence in language learning. The ideal situation is for the filter to be down so that the language acquisition device can receive the input necessary for language acquisition. Cumminââ¬â¢s Second Language Framework Cummins makes a distinction between social language and academic language. 1. Social language refers to the everyday conversational language which is supported by the use of illustrations, realia, demonstrations, etc. Context Embedded). Studies show that language learners acquire social language in approximately two years. Social language deals with the here-and-now language, therefore second language learners tend to acquire it faster. 2. Academic language is the language of school tasks which is more abstract and decontextualized (Context Reduced). Some second language learners who develop fluent spoken English have difficulties in reading and writing because they may be at different levels of proficiency while they are moving from social language (BICS) to academic language (CALP). It takes between five to seven years for second language learners to acquire academic language. Slide 20: James Cummins developed a framework for second language acquisition that involves the identification of both social and academic languages. The basic interpersonal communication skills are acquired from everyday use of the language and are supported by cues in the environment (context-embedded). The cognitive academic language proficiency is more abstract language which is not supported by environmental cues (context-reduced). Slides 21-22: Context-embedded tasks are for the most part cognitively undemanding because learners are able to depend on cues for assistance. There are some tasks that are context-embedded, more complex and impose cognitive demands. The learners in these situations can still rely on environmental cues for help. Slides 23-24: Context-reduced tasks can be both cognitively undemanding and cognitively demanding as well. Cognitively undemanding tasks are simple to carry out but do not contain environmental cues i. e. reading for personal purposes. Cognitively demanding, context-reduced tasks are more abstract and decontextualized. Slides 25-26: The components of communicative competence include: 1) grammatical competence which is knowing the structure of the language; 2) sociolinguistic competence which involves the use of the language for different audiences, purposes and norms of communication; 3) discourse competence which includes combing and connecting utterances both spoken and written; and 4) strategic competence which involves using language to meet communication goals. Slide 27: Competence is the underlying knowledge which is the mental representation of linguistic rules. This knowledge is nonobservable because it is internal. Performance is the overtly observable production of competence (comprehension and production of language). Slide 28: The three general principles of language learning include: 1) the law of exercise-active and repeated responses to stimuli (practice); 2) the law of effect-reinforcing learner responses (providing immediate corrective feedback); and 3) the principle of shaping-learning language through learning chunks (bit-bybit). Slide 29: These principles operate under the assumption that language learning is the formation of habit. The learnerââ¬â¢s automatic responses were prompted by stimuli. Interesting and motivating stimuli turns responses into automatic, routinized learning. The level of difficulty required to learn a second language depends on the amount of time it takes to learn a second language pattern. The time from which controlled responses (short-term) turn into automatic responses (long-term) is dependent on learner differences, learning conditions, and teaching pedagogy. Input and Interaction L2 acquisition can only take place when the learner has access to input in the second language. This input may come in written or spoken form. Spoken input occurs in face-to-face interactions. Non-reciprocal discourse includes listening to the radio or watching a film. Behaviorists claim that presenting learners with input in the right doses and then reinforcing their attempts to practice them can control the process of acquisition. Chomsky pointed out that in many cases there was a very poor match between the kind of language found in the input that learners received and the kind of language they themselves produced. Comprehensible input (Krashenââ¬â¢s, 1985 Input Hypothesis) proposed that learners acquire morphological features in a natural order as a result of comprehending input addressed to them. Long (1981a) argued that input which is made comprehensible by means of the conversational adjustments that occur when there is a comprehension problem is especially important for acquisition. Swain (1985) proposed the comprehensible output hypothesis which states that learners need opportunities for ââ¬Å"pushed outputâ⬠in speech or writing that makes demands on them for correct and appropriate use of the L2. Slide 30: Input and interaction are very important factors in second language acquisition. Second language acquisition can only take place when the learner has access to input in the target language. Teachers can provide comprehensible input in their instructional delivery coupled with opportunities for interactions. Adjustments are made in order to facilitate the comprehension of messages. Just as important is comprehensible output. Learners need to be given opportunities to produce spoken or written discourse which forces them to use correct and appropriate use of the second language. The Role of the Native Language in Second Language Acquisition Language Trans fer The role of native language in second language acquisition has come to be known as ââ¬Å"language transfer. â⬠It has been assumed that in a second language learning situation learners rely extensively on their native language. According to Lado (1957) individuals tend to transfer forms and meanings, the distribution of the forms and meanings of their native language and culture to the foreign language and culture. This transfer is productive when the learner attempts to speak the language. This transfer is receptive when the learner attempts to grasp and understand the language and culture as practiced by native speakers. Ladoââ¬â¢s work and much of the work of that time (1950ââ¬â¢s) was based on the need to produce pedagogically relevant materials. A contrastive analysis of the native language and the target language was conducted in order to determine similarities and differences in the languages. Slide 31: The first language has a distinct role in second language acquisition. When language learners have a strong linguistic and communicative foundation in their native language, then the process of second language acquisition involves language transfer. Learners transfer forms and meanings as they attempt to speak or write the second language. Transfer takes on a receptive role when the learners listen to native speakers of the language and try to understand what is being said. Similarities in the two languages are transferred positively (language facilitation), while differences cause a nonproductive transfer (language interference). Framework for Explaining L1 Transfer Language Trans fer The L1 system is used for both comprehension and production. The interlanguage system is also used in comprehending and receiving messages. The L1 system is used in hypothesis construction responsible for interlanguage development. Comprehensible input serves as a major source of information for hypothesis construction. L2 output may be used for hypothesis construction. Slide 32: Language learners rely on their first language to produce language and to comprehend it. Hypotheses construction of language comes when learners manipulate and test language forms to further their interlanguage, the stages of development between L1 and L2. The second language output helps the learner test hypotheses of how language works and helps them construct new ones. Teachers provide comprehensible input in order to help learners acquire information for hypotheses construction. Slide 33: Language transfer is a cognitive process which involves the strategic use of the first language in learning the second language. The flexible thinking that occurs in the learnerââ¬â¢s mind is representative of the interconnectedness between the two languages. Bi-cognitive thinking occurs spontaneously and with great ease. Learners think in their first language, transfer that thinking into the second language and then produce the utterances that meet the communication situation. There is a distinction between transfer experienced for communication purposes and transfer experienced for second language learning. First language transfer helps the learner receive and produce messages for communication purposes. Transfer in learning situations happens when the learner uses the first language to formulate hypotheses about second language rules. Language Language Transfer Trans fer Where the two languages were identical, learning could take place through positive transfer to the native-language pattern. Where the two languages were different, learning difficulty arose and errors occurred resulting from negative transfer. Chomsky (1959) set in motion a re-evaluation of many of the behaviorists claims. This re-evaluation included area such as: the dangers of extrapolating from laboratory studies of animal behavior to the language behavior of humans were pointed out; 2. the terms stimulus and response were exposed as vacuous where language behavior was concerned; 3. nalogy could not account for the language userââ¬â¢s ability to generate totally novel utterances; and 4. studies of children acquiring their L1 showed that parents rarely corrected their childrenââ¬â¢s linguistic errors, thus casting doubt on the importance of reinforcement in language learning. All this led to the reconsideration of the role of L1 in L2 learning. 1. Slide 34: When language feat ures in the two languages are similar, positive transfer from the first language to the second language occurs. When language features in the two languages are different, learning difficulties and errors happen. This transfer process made it evident to researchers that the native language definitely plays a major role in second language acquisition. The Nature of the Interlanguage Continuum Cognitive theories of interlanguage claim that with the assistance of learning strategies, learners build mental grammars of the second language. Learners draw on the rules they have constructed to interpret and produce utterances. Learnerââ¬â¢s utterances are only erroneous with reference to the target language norms, not to the norms of their own grammars. The interlanguage continuum consists of a series of overlapping grammars. Each share some rules with the previously constructed grammar, but also contains some new or revised rules. A rule has the status of a hypothesis. Slide 35: The implication of the interlanguage continuum for teachers is that with assistance from learning strategies, learners are able to build mental grammars (rules) of the second language. The continuum represents different interlanguage stages (overlapping grammars) that the learners go through to use the rules they have learned to interpret and produce speech. Rules are classified hypotheses because the learner tests certain language rules in his/her development. Selinkerââ¬â¢s Interlanguage Theory Selinkerââ¬â¢s Interlanguage Theory maintains the separateness of a second language learnerââ¬â¢s system and gives the system a structurally intermediate status between the native and target languages. According to Selinker, second language learners are producing their own self-contained linguistic system. The system is not a native language or target language system, rather it falls between the two. Stages of Interlanguage Development include: 1) random errors (presystematic); 2) experimentation and inaccurate guessing; 3) emergent-growing in consistency in linguistic production; 4) backsliding-appears to have grasped but later regressed and unable to correct errors; 5) systematic stage-ability to correct errors on their own; rules may not be well-formed but display more internal self-consistency; 6) stabilization-few errors are made, have mastered the system to the point of fluency; and 7) intralingual-inconsistencies within the target language; Global errors-affect meaning;local errors-close similarities in word form (i. . spelling). Interlanguage Continuum Interlanguage Stages L1 L2 ______/____/______/____/_______/_____/___/_____/_____/______ Basilang Mesolang Acrolang Slide 36: Each of the stages of the interlanguage continuum represents each grammar that the learner builds which represents more complexity as he/she moves on the continuum. Second language learners begin in t heir first language and as teachers provide the formal and informal second language instruction, learners move forward in their development. When learners encounter difficulties in any of their interlanguage stages, they can fossilize (learning stops at some given point) or they may experience backsliding (regression). The continuum can be related to language learner categories used for identifying bilingual/ESL students. Basilang is equivalent to the beginner; mesolang is the category of an intermediate learner; and acrolang is the category for the advanced learner. Slide 37: The identification of errors that language learners make is important in order to understand the source of errors and the corrective measures teachers can offer. Errors happen when learners lack knowledge of second language rules, while mistakes occur when learners are unable to perform their competence (underlying knowledge that is non-observable). Overt errors are deviations in form and covert errors are those that are well-formed but do not communicate what the learner intended. Learner Errors Error Analysis is used for examining errors as a way of investigating learning processes. Much of the early work on learner errors focused on the extent to which L2 acquisition was the result of L1 transfer or creative construction (construction of unique rules similar to those which children form in the course of acquiring the native language). The presence of errors that mirrored L1 structures was taken as evidence of transfer (interlingual), while those errors similar to those observed in L1 acquisition were indicative of creative construction (intralingual). The study of learner errors showed that although many errors were caused by transferring L1 habits, many more were not. It was found that learners went through stages of acquisition and the nature of errors varied according to their level of development. Error analysis could not show when learners resorted to avoidance and it ignored what learners could do correctly. Slide 38: For teachers of English language learners, it is important to understand the role of errors in second language learning. Error analysis is important because it gives us the opportunity to examine learner errors and determine if errors are a consequence of first language interference or not. Implications for teachers come in planning instruction that addresses patterns in errors made by students experiencing language interference, grouping practices to target the identified errors, and instructional methodologies and strategies for helping learners overcome some of their errors. Slide 39: Errors made by a language learner can give teachers insight as to how much knowledge the learner has in the second language. They are a means of diagnosing progress or lack of progress in second language development. Errors are to be seen as part of a process of second language acquisition not just as the result of imperfect learning. Slide 40: Errors are systematic and will occur until the language learner recognizes them and corrects them. If communication is clear, even when learners produce errors such as ââ¬Å"no wantâ⬠then the error is in the language structure and not in the learnerââ¬â¢s system (interlanguage). Slide 41: Contrastive analysis helps teachers understand potential errors language learners make. This understanding will allow teachers to identify what needs to be learned and what is already in the learnerââ¬â¢s system. What needs to be learned will be the focus of instruction and what is already learned will be the knowledge the learner brings to the learning situations. The pedagogical materials that resulted from contrastive analysis were based on the claim that language is a habit; language learning involves the establishment of a new set of habits; the native language interferes with the reception and production of a second language; and accounting for errors involves considering differences between the first and the second languages. The greater the differences the more errors will occur; and difficulty and ease in learning a second language are determined by differences and similarities between the two languages in contrast. Slide 42: Thomas and Collier (1997), proposed the Prism Model of Language Acquisition for School. This model includes first and second language cognitive development, academic development, language development as well as social and cultural processes. Slide 43: The cognitive development component is a subconscious process that is developmental. Thought processes are built through interactions. It is critical that cognitive development take place in the first language so that the foundation is strong and positive transfer of skills and concepts occurs. Slide 44: Academic knowledge, concepts and skills transfer from the first to the second language. In order to make the necessary instructional adjustments, teachers need to provide instruction in the learnersââ¬â¢ first language and a strong English as a Second Language component during the instructional day in order to make academic content meaningful. The interruption of academic development in the first language will likely promote academic failure. A good balance of academic instruction (Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency) in the first language and vocabulary and oral language development (Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills) through ESL will facilitate language transfer and transition when the learner is ready. According to research, it takes a language learner from 5-7 years to reach academic proficiency in the second language. It takes from 2-3 years to acquire BICS. Therefore, teaching BICS in the two languages and having a strong ESL program are essential if language learners are to be ready for transitioning from the first to the second language. Slide 45: Language development includes Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills (BICS) which are acquired subconsciously as well as the innate ability learners bring with them to the academic setting (CALP). In order to assure both cognitive and academic success in learning a second language, the learner must be taught in his/her first language to a high cognitive level so that the learner can develop the necessary competence and performance in the second language. Slide 46: Second language learners go through everyday experiences which impact the acquisition of the second language. The home-school connection is very important in order to help language learners respond to second language learning more effectively. The sociocultural support that language learners need must be evident at home, at school, in the community and in society at large. The instructional environment can either create social unity, linguistic and ethnic respect, and value for bilingualism or it may promote a psychological distance between two groups, cultures and languages. Slide 47: In conclusion, teachers working with second language learners must consider the learnersââ¬â¢ linguistic, cultural, and academic needs, as well as the levels of language proficiency. Teachers should encourage their students to experiment with language and not be afraid of making errors. Errors are part of the learning process just as error correction is part of the teaching process. Teachers should not ignore errors, but focusing too much on them can cause anxiety, fear and hamper learning. Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-34127692767076038362020-04-23T09:53:00.001-07:002020-04-23T09:53:03.257-07:00Life Is a Tale of Magic free essay sample Life is like a tale, it does not matter how long it is, it matters how good it is! Good morning respected Dignitaries amp; my dear friends. These words were famously said by the author of one of the worldââ¬â¢s most famous book series, JK Rowling. Joanne Kathleen Rowling was born on the 31st of July at Yate England. Born to Peter and Anne Rowling, she had a fixed ambition from a very young age, to write. JK Rowling was on a train trip when an idea of a young boy attending a wizarding school came to her mind. Harry Potterà is now a global brand worth an estimated $15à billion,à and the last fourà Harry Potterà books have consecutively set records as the fastest-selling books in history. The seriesà have been translated, in whole or in part, into 65 languages. Theà Harry Potterà books have also gained recognition for sparking an interest in reading among the young at a time when children were thought to be abandoning books for computers and television. We will write a custom essay sample on Life Is a Tale of Magic or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Every human has a spark in them but it needs to be lit by someone. My seed of fire was definitely lit By JK Rowling. In her Harvard speech of 2008 she quoted ââ¬Å"Failure meant a stripping away of the inessential. I stopped pretending to myself that I was anything other than what I was, and began to direct all my energy to finishing the only work that mattered to me. Had I really succeeded at anything else, I might never have found the determination to succeed in the one area where I truly belonged. I was set free, because my greatest fear had been realized, and I was still alive, and I still had a daughter whom I adored, and I had an old typewriter, and a big idea. And so rock bottom became a solid foundation on which I rebuilt my life. â⬠J. K Rowling opened the eyes of many young readers, including myself. She showed the world how momentous well-chosen words can be, and has inspired me, a hopeful writer, to keep on being hopeful. I believe J. K Rowling is the embodiment of hope; a lit candle in the darkness. She proved what the power of determination can do, and at the same time, led me to understand the magic of literature. In fact, Joanne was a turning point for many; her books opened up that universe of print, where one can immerse themselves in worlds so unlike their own and discover the many mysteries unique to it as one explores the delightful details around them. Time seems to stop in its place and allow readers to delve into all there is to know about their surroundings. Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-14059632402547186982020-03-17T09:33:00.001-07:002020-03-17T09:33:03.392-07:00Drug Abuse and Religious Spirituality ConceptDrug Abuse and Religious Spirituality Concept Thesis Statement: Adding the concept of religious spirituality to drug abuse treatment programs can help to decrease the amount of relapses by patients.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Drug Abuse and Religious Spirituality Concept specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Introduction In his examination of the effectiveness of current drug abuse treatment programs, Olmstead et al. (2012) noted that the rate of relapses among patients was quite high, often reaching 50% or more in some instances. Particularly, this high rate of relapses was determined by Olmstead et al. (2012) as a direct result of a degree of failure on the part of drug abuse treatment programs to sufficiently address the primary reason why people turn to drugs and the lack of a sufficient method of relapse prevention once patients leave the program. Reason for Failure This failure to add some form of effective preventive method for relapse has been n oted by various researchers to occur due to the fact that even the classification of external preventive programs has very little influence to ensure a sufficiently effective preventive capacity when the origin of the problem is the internal decision making process of patients. Pearson et al. (2012) note that it is often the case that patients need to develop their own internal realization backed by psychological reasoning when it comes to abstaining from drug use. What is necessary is the development of sufficiently strong internal reasoning mechanism and support system to ensure that the factors causing a particular individual to use drugs in the first place do not manifest. Religious Spirituality as a Possible Solution One possible method that has gained a considerable degree of progress in a variety of drug abuse treatment programs is the use of religious spirituality.Advertising Looking for research paper on psychology? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It was determined in the article ââ¬Å"Patients consider spirituality and self-help approaches vital in TCâ⬠that religious spirituality can not only aid in the process of drug abuse rehabilitation but even act as a preventive measure to ensure that relapses do not occur (Dermatis, Guschwan, Galanter, Blun 2004). The reason behind its effectiveness is quite simple, religious spirituality acts as a means of altering individuals perception in such a way that people view their life as not just their own but rather as the one connected to an almighty external creator (i.e. God). Moreover, spirituality, in certain cases involving religious groups and organizations, helps instill a sense of belonging on patients within a religious community they are involved in, often acting as a support to prevent drug related relapses (Dermatis, Guschwan, Galanter, Blun, 2004). What you have to understand is that a great number of current drug abuse cases are often related to such feelings experienced by individuals as depression, worthlessness, and. Such behavioral symptoms are often correlated with a lack of sufficient support and social interaction which makes the use of drugs to seem ideal to act as a form of escape from such situations. By adding religious spirituality to drug abuse treatment programs, this creates the initial foundation due to which addicts could find an alternative to drugs abusing by immersing themselves in the feeling of being a part of community and belonging to a greater unit. Such a solution would prevent the potential for patients to relapse since it addresses the internal psychological state in order to ensure that patients develop their own realization regarding the ill effects of drug use (Pearson et al. 2012).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Drug Abuse and Religious Spirituality Concept specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More As s uch, this paper has the assumption that adding the concept of religious spirituality to drug abuse treatment programs can help decrease the amount of relapses by patients. References Dermatis, H. Guschwan, M.T. Galanter, M. Blun, G. (2004). Patients consider spirituality and self-help approaches vital in TCs. DATA: The Brown University Digest of Addiction Theory Application, 23(7), 1-7. Web. Olmstead, T. A., Abraham, A. J., Martino, S., Roman, P. M. (2012). Counselor training in several evidence-based psychosocial addiction treatments in private US substance abuse treatment centers. Drug Alcohol Dependence, 120(1-3), 149-154. Pearson, F. S., Prendergast, M. L., Podus, D., Vazan, P., Greenwell, L., Hamilton, Z. (2012). Meta-analyses of seven of the National Institute on Drug Abuses principles of drug addiction treatment. Journal Of Substance Abuse Treatment, 43(1), 1-11. Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-77052999642747085832020-03-01T01:20:00.001-08:002020-03-01T01:20:03.731-08:00How to Become a Teacher Expert Career GuideHow to Become a Teacher Expert Career Guide SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips What's more exciting than educating a new generation of students? If you're interested in becoming a teacher and want some information about how to succeed in this profession, you're in the right place. Here, I'll walk you through how to become a teacher, explaining the steps you need to take in high school, college, and beyond. First, though, I'll touch briefly on the occupational outlook for teachers in the US- this way, you'll be informed about projected job availability and income levels before jumping in. For the sake of this article, I'm going to focus on K-12 teachers (you can, of course, teach at the college/university level, but that involves a pretty different career path). The steps you'd take to succeed in teaching vary slightly based on which academic grades you're interested in working with. From here on out, I'll be differentiating between elementary, middle, and high school teachers where there might be different steps necessary for success. Occupational Outlook for Teachers Before you jump into any career path, it's important to think ahead about more practical things, like expected income and job availability. The US Bureau of Labor Statistics lists important info on pay, necessary education, and job outlook for almost any profession you can think of. High pay and an increase in available positions generally bodes well for people hoping to enter a certain field. Here are these all-important stats for K-12 teachers in the US: Kindergarten and Elementary School Teachers 2014 Median Pay: $53,760 Typical Entry-Level Education (the bare minimum you'd need to enter the field): Bachelor's degree Job Outlook, 2014-2024 (the estimated job growth rate- bigger is better): 6%, which is about average Middle School Teachers 2014 Median Pay: $54,940 Typical Entry-Level Education: Bachelor's degree Job Outlook, 2014-2024: 6%, which is about average High School Teachers 2014 Median Pay: $56,310 Typical Entry-Level Education: Bachelor's degree Job Outlook, 2014-2024: 6%, which is about average How to Become a Teacher: Career Steps Overview To become a teacher, there are a few important things you'll need (I'll go into more detail on these steps and more in the following sections): A high school diploma A bachelor's degree A graduate degree (depending on your preferred career track and the teaching requirements in your area- it's often not required) Your teaching certification/license (requirements will vary based on the state) If you plan ahead, it's possible to start your teaching career very soon after graduating from college. Now that you have a sense of what you'll need to become a teacher, I'll go into the details of what you should do at each stage of the game- starting with high school. Setting Yourself Up for Success: 4 Steps to Take in High School You don't have to make a final decision about a teaching career in high school, but there are some important things you can do to put yourself on the right path. Decide If Teaching Is the Right Fit High school is a good time to start thinking about whether you'd be comfortable with the day-to-day realities and responsibilities of teaching. At all grade levels, teaching involves these important core responsibilities: Preparing lessons Grading assignments and tests Getting kids to behave and participate in class Filling out report cards and assessments Meeting with parents On a personal level, good teachers tend to be: Good at communicating- The crux of your job as an instructor is getting the class to understand new, sometimes challenging, material. Patient- You'll have to deal with students who have trouble learning, behaving, or both. Compassionate- Students (of all ages) aren't always easy to deal with. It will be important for you to be sensitive to challenges they may be dealing with. Creative- You may have to come up with some unorthodox ways of keeping students engaged and learning. Hard-working- Your work as a teacher won't end with the bell. You'll have to come up with lesson plans and tasks, meet with students, parents, and administrators, and grade a ton of assignments. So how do you figure out whether you'd be okay with the responsibilities of working as a teacher? And how do you know whether you have the core characteristics that make a successful instructor? Here are some steps you can take to determine whether teaching may be a good fit: Interviews- Talk with your own instructors about their experiences. Why did they become a teacher? What do they like about their job? What don't they like so much? Shadowing and Observation- Start actively paying attention not only to what your instructors teach, but how they teach it. Are there any teaching methods that you really like? What about methods that aren't as effective? You might also look into opportunities to shadow instructors, especially those teaching in younger classrooms. Tutoring- This is a bit different than teaching a classroom full of students, but teachers still work with students one-on-one. There might be peer-tutoring services offered through your school, or you might look for a job through some other tutoring service. You can start getting teaching experience even in high school. Focus on Your High School Education A strong education in high school will serve as the foundation for your education as a teacher. Elementary school teachers in particular need to be well-rounded as they are responsible for covering all subjects with their students. A high GPA and strong ACT/SAT scores will also make you a more attractive candidate to strong teaching degree programs, which brings me to the next step ... Start Researching Degree Programs If you've decided to pursue a degree in teaching, by the time you start submitting college applications you'll want to apply to appropriate teaching programs. First, you only want to look into accredited programs. Access this complete list of all accredited teaching programs for reference. Second, consider whether you're ready to commit to a particular specialty (e.g. elementary, middle school, or high school education). These specialties will often have different degree requirements- if you already know what you're interested in, you can focus specifically on those degree requirements when you look at schools. Submit Strong College Applications If you end up at a school with a strong teaching program, the next steps you'll have to take to become a teacher will be that much easier. Start by checking out the top-ranked elementary and secondary teaching programs in the US (make sure you're only looking at undergraduate rankings- you don't need a graduate program just yet). You won't necessarily need a degree in teaching- I'll talk more about this in the next section- but if you're sure at this point that teaching is for you, a targeted program might prepare you more effectively for your career. Early decision applications are usually due October-November of your senior year, whereas regular decision apps are due late December-early January. Learn more about how to apply for college and when to apply here. Exploring Education: 4 Steps to Take in College College is where you have to start making big decisions about your teaching career. The good news is that you'll have support along the way, especially if you've decided to attend a program that's targeted towards aspiring teachers. Here's what you should do in college to succeed as a teacher: Know Your State's Teaching Requirements Every state has different rules in place regarding exactly what qualifications you need in order to teach. If you're licensed as a teacher in one state, it's usually possible to become licensed in another, but it's not always easy. As you enter your degree program, you should figure out the licensing requirements for the state you're currently living in AND any states you anticipate moving to in the near future. This way, you'll avoid any unpleasant surprises- you'll also be able to make sure you take any and all required courses or practicums. Take advantage of your program's resources to make sure you meet all necessary requirements. First, the program itself should have requirements built in that will prepare you to meet state requirements. Second, career centers and academic advisors can put you on the right track if you're worried about being prepared for a teaching career after graduation. Knowing these teaching requirements at the beginning of your program will help you make sure you don't miss any important steps. Commit to a Specialty Once you've committed to a college, one of your next big decisions will be committing to a specialty. You'll have to fulfill different degree requirements depending on your specific educational path- the type of teaching you hope to pursue will dictate what sort of specialty you'll choose. Here are the major teaching programs types to choose from: Early Childhood Education Pre-K through 3rd grade Focus mostly on teaching techniques, curriculum, and lesson planning College major is usually in education Elementary Education Primary grades (pre-K through 6th or 8th grade) Focus mostly on teaching techniques, curriculum, and lesson planning College major is usually in education Secondary Education 6th or 8th grade through 12th grade Usually requires you to choose a more specific specialty/content area (e.g. English, Math, History) Teaching techniques, curriculum, and lesson planning are included in the course of study in addition to the chosen content area specialty Specialty Degrees Focus on one specific, specialty area (e.g. fine arts, performing arts, physical education) Other degree options that can be combined with an education degree include special ed and gifted ed Requirements will vary based on the chosen specialty You might major in the subject you hope to teach (e.g. English, Math) and supplement your curriculum with courses in education Administration Education for leadership within the education system Usually requires undergraduate (BA) AND graduate (MA, PhD) education Programs tend to focus on school structure, curriculum, organization, and leadership Gain Real-World Experience This is especially important for students who may not be in a dedicated teaching program (e.g. students who want to teach secondary education and are majoring in something other than education). Real-world teaching experience will help you get more comfortable with leading a classroom so that you can hit the ground running when you start your teaching career. Here are some ways to gain experience, whether you're in a dedicated teaching program or not: School visits- Observing how teachers work at local schools is a great way to experience a day in the life as a teacher. You may want to check out different grade levels to see if you have any preferences. Working as a teacher's assistant- There are many teachers out there who would love some extra help! This is definitely more hands-on than just observing a classroom. Tutoring- Teachers don't just lead entire classrooms- they also work one-on-one with students who want extra help. Tutoring kids of different ages (and even in different subjects) may help you figure out what you like and what you don't. Volunteer mentorship- This is pretty different from traditional teaching experiences, but volunteering to serve as a mentor for a child or teen may help you develop important leadership skills. Running an after-school program- Wrangling a group of kids to get them to participate in an organized activity? Not so different from running a classroom. Bonus: after-school activities can be pretty fun- you could help put on a play, coach intramural sports, or lead a club. Complete Your Education With Student Teaching Student teaching is where you start to implement everything you've learned thus far in a real classroom. It's an important part of any college teaching program. Student teaching will work differently based on your college, your teaching specialty, your student-teaching school, and the classroom you work in. Some student teachers may be expected to take over all classroom responsibilities at multiple grade levels fairly quickly, whereas others may only take a few core responsibilities at one grade level. If you have questions about what student teaching usually entails, you should speak with administrators at your specific program. In general, though, here's what to expect: Student teaching usually lasts for about a semester. You'll be matched with a particular classroom and teacher, usually at a school that has some sort of partnership with your bachelor's program. Most student teachers start off by observing the classroom (this lasts between a few days or a few weeks) before gradually taking over all teaching responsibilities. You should expect to be in the student-teaching classroom all day, every day. Although you may just be observing at first, you'll be learning to build and teach lessons, meet with students, and administer and grade assignments- by the end of the semester, you should ideally feel comfortable leading a classroom on your own. Requirements may be different for those pursuing early childhood, elementary, and secondary education. Each teaching program will have their own protocols- again, it's best to explore any specific questions you have about your own program (or potential programs, if you're still looking at different schools). Final Steps: Teaching Certification Getting certified in the state where you hope to teach is necessary if you want to work at a public school. If you're considering private schools, you may not have to get certified, but it's still recommended (you have a lot more flexibility when it comes to jobs that you qualify for). Here's how you get certified to teach at any school: Pick a State Each state has its own requirements for licensing and certifying teachers. If you want to teach in the same state where you went to college, you'll probably already be familiar with these reqs. If you hope to teach in a different state, you'll have more research to do (it's helpful to do this while you're still in school, like I mentioned earlier, so that you can meet all course requirements ahead of time). Just Google "[state name] teaching certification." Any link that leads to the state's Department of Education is helpful. One thing to keep in mind: some states pay teachers better than others on average. If you're not rooted to one place, and money is a concern, you may want to learn more. Register for Exams (If Necessary) Some states require educators to take licensing exams to prove that they would be competent teachers. Whether these exams are required, how often they're given, and what's actually tested will vary widely by state. It's best to give yourself plenty of time (6 months or more) to register and prepare for these tests. Your teaching program will help prepare you for any necessary certification exams. Apply for Certification Once you've met all state requirements, you can go ahead and apply for certification in the state you hope to work. You'll want to do this several months before you hope to start your job search (you don't want to be delayed in case there are any issues with your application, so starting while you're still in college is a good idea). This process might be easier if you're already certified in another state. Graduate School and Beyond Some states require teachers (at public schools, at least) to earn a Master's degree in order to qualify for certification. Other states encourage, but do not require, a graduate degree. If you're unsure about the requirements for the state you hope to work in, learn more about individual state certification requirements. Whether you end up getting a graduate degree will also depend on your chosen career path- for example, teachers who hope to work in administration will likely need a Master's or PhD. Having a graduate degree- even if it's not required- may lead to more job opportunities and a higher salary. If you're interested in graduate programs, check out the top-ranked education programs in the US. Even if you're certified in a state, you may have to keep up with certification renewals or continuing education requirements- staying on top of this stuff is important when it comes to keeping your license! How to Become a Teacher: 8-Step Summary There are quite a few steps involved in becoming a teacher, but here are the main ones you should remember: Decide if teaching is the right fit Focus on doing well in high school Research teaching degree programs Submit strong college applications Become familiar with your state's teaching requirements Choose a specialty Get real world experience Get certified, and keep your certification by staying on top of requirements What's Next? As you've read above, one of the best ways to prepare for a career in teaching is making sure you get into a great undergraduate program. To get into your top choice colleges, make sure you keep your GPA high. Focusing on extracurricular activities, especially community service work, is also important for applications to teaching programs. Finally, work on getting great SAT or ACT scores. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-30796231972465847842020-02-13T16:44:00.001-08:002020-02-13T16:44:03.314-08:00Strategic Management analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsStrategic Management analysis - Essay Example However, since the use of petroleum products began, the adoption of other forms of fuel process has been slow. With the coming of companies like Better Place, the use of electricity to replace oil has been taking root. This company is motivated by the fact that the rise use of Electric Vehicle is slow, despite the fact that these vehicles are environmental friendly. The company has its own mission and vision that refine its focus in the automotive industry. The companyââ¬â¢s mission is to first reduce and later eventually eliminate the use and dependence of oil in automobile industry. This mission defines the companyââ¬â¢s focus and what it does differently to create value. This is a global company captivated to creating the world a better place. It works with stakeholders in automobile industry to enhance the spread of EVs. 1.2. Vision The companyââ¬â¢s vision is to integrate car companies with the other companies like the battery and utilities companies, and consumers in a way that will enhance an increase in the use of EVs. This vision shows the belief of the company that the only way consumers can adopt EVs in a massive way is by overcoming the main challenge behind the use of EVs, which is its mobility. This belief differentiates the company from other value creators who believed that the massive adoption of EVs will be possible only when the battery capacity is increased. This increase will help cars travel over a hundred miles that are currently possible. Therefore, the company believes that it can achieve the generating of EVs by re-engineering cars and not batteries. This is possible by working on the available technologies and involving the relevant profiles in the automobile industries (Rothaermel 2013). 1.3. Stakeholders The table below maps the stakeholders in Better Place Company Stakeholder Claims and Interests Class Investors Transport project that would have higher returns, receive positive image, and innovative. Key player Government Developing a sustainable transport system Key player Auto Manufacturers developing a sustainable transport system Key player Regulatory Bodies Receive information and regulate organization behavior Keep Satisfied Technical specialists Specify the required technologies to meet the companyââ¬â¢s requirements Key player Customers Make successful transitions Key player Program manager Budgeting Keep Informed The government and auto manufacturers are in support of a sustainable transport system. Their failure to acknowledge EVs in some instances is a threat. Customers desire to be relieved from the high cost of oil opt for EVs. The company is interested in reducing pollution and consumption of oil. The project is vital in reducing the increasing economic costs that come with high dependency of oil in different industries including transport. To effectively address the concerns of stakeholders, the company needs to integrate the working of different stakeholders to share ideas (Abernat hy, J and Utterback 1975). In addition, customers need to be educated on the significance of EVs. Finally, the company will work to show admirable results in short period to attract more investors. 2. Industry Analysis and Scenarios 2.1. Industry Analysis Better place has can establish its strategy beyond the suppliers bargaining power. The company has numerous suppliers located in different countries who can give vehicle products and other services. In addition, the customers are located in different countries like Australia and United States of America. The main substitute for EVs is the oil. This product has received numerous criticisms regarding its emission on the environment. In a nutshell, suppliers are forced to embrace new initiatives that are environmental friendly (Thompson et al. Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-86028488253274272642020-02-01T10:43:00.001-08:002020-02-01T10:43:02.955-08:00Declining Lease Lengths in Commercial Properties Literature reviewDeclining Lease Lengths in Commercial Properties - Literature review Example Researchers have not dwelt on the length of the lease except the reducing average lease lengths in the UK. A term structure of rental rates has been responsible for various lengths of the leases but it has been lacking in market reviews. A market review provides valuable knowledge into the relationship between rent and lease length, creating a balanced rent, depending on rent projections (Rowland, 2002). A lease length may depend on specific landlord needs such as redevelopment in the near future or for creating more space for another business tenant. Normally, landlordsââ¬â¢ interests are served through long leases while tenants desire short leases with alternatives of renewal (Rowland, 2000). The possibility of such factors as cost of shifting and the cost of reletting could be crucial in deciding rents and lease lengths. Reletting costs may be borne by either the landlord, if the short lease expires or the tenant shifting premises before the expiry of the lease. These costs may not be transferable but can be reduced with mutual consent between the landlord and the tenant (Rowland, 2000). In a term lease there is no boost to reduce depreciation of the property, thus not securing the salvage value of the property (Miller and Upton 1976, p.766; and Flath 1980, p.253)). Smith and Wakeman (1985, p.903)) discuss how lease provisions may change the incentives for both parties, quoting the use of service leases (in which the lesser provides the maintenance) as a solution of avoiding the lesseeââ¬â¢s inclination to ignore the property (Rowland, 2002). The deficiency of interest among tenants to take care of the property has been used randomly in the housing economics literature to state tenure choice (Henderson and Ioannides 1983, p.98)) and the observed reduced rents on lease renewal than new lettings (Hubert 1995, p.631)). Kanemoto (1990, p.7)) thinks that the problem comes in substantiating to a third party (typically a court) that the tenant has misused the property. Various types of contracts for maintenance of property change the possibility of not-suitable standards of maintenance (Rowland, 2002). Benjamin, de la Torre, and Musumeci (1995, p.179)) present a model of under-maintenance by tenants, which compares the current values of owning and leasing property. The difference between the maintenance of property by owner-occupiers and by tenants shows the overexploitation by tenants during the lease, with bad outcomes for the residual value. The authors state different methods to improve upon the leases to reduce or eradicate the effects of the tenantââ¬â¢s provocation to misuse the property, like entering into contracts for maintenance by the owner, providing the tenant an alternative to purchase, deposit security or adjusting the rent as per usage needs (Benjamin, de la Torre and Musumeci 1995, p.184)) (Rowland, 2002). Interestingly, in Northern Ireland, the private investors prefer long lease terms on properties situated in pop ulous locations and depending on the area let properties on strong terms in the agreement (Crosby et al., 2002)). The property market was on the boom during 2002 in Northern Ireland, resulting in easy finance due to reduced interest rates realizing greater syndicate transactions related to the property. These inward investment initiatives like call centers for leading companies, including Halifax, Abbey National and Prudential and software development companies like Northbrook Technology and Fujitsu (Hamilton et al., 2005). Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-44778671137152792422020-01-24T07:07:00.001-08:002020-01-24T07:07:03.109-08:00I Am Making a Difference in My Community Essay -- Community Service, Sââ¬Å"Everybody can be great...because anybody can serve. You don't have to have a college degree to serve. You only need a heart full of grace. A soul motivated by love.â⬠ââ¬â¢ Martin Luther King Jr. Taking time to volunteer at the many nonprofit organizations, homeless shelters, advocacy centers, philanthropic fundraisers, local schools and child care facilities in the inner city is not always at the forefront of young peopleââ¬â¢s minds while navigating through their college experiences. But, with a little push from student organizations, local nonprofits and passionate individuals, volunteerism and community change can start to take a front seat and become not just an opportunity, but also a priority in the lives of young people. Volunteerism, civic engagement and advocacy are the driving forces for creating change and making a positive impact in your community and society at large. While gaining internship and job experience can lead to community impact and social change, itââ¬â¢s important for us to remember that before we start advocating for change and informing others about issues we care about, we need to fully understand the complexity and depth of the social, environmental, or economic issue we are passionate about. Not only do we need to understand the ââ¬Ëissueââ¬â¢ or ââ¬Ësocietal problemââ¬â¢ that many people face and are impacted by every day, but we need to meet and work alongside those whose daily realities are shaped by injustices, while not creating any divides or barriers in the process. Everyday people are affected by the issues that organizations fight for or against, and once we realize how people-centered things like advocacy, outreach and service are, I believe young people will realize their call to action and their potent... ...ocal nonprofit organizations have the potential to amplify their outreach to colleges, and young people in general, through matching passions with skills. You as organizations need to purposefully identify for us why promoting service and civic engagement is not only important, but necessary if we want to improve our lives, the lives of others, and the dilemmas and misfortunes our world faces every day. The relationship between young people and nonprofits can be the start of a significant change in our community, and should be a reciprocal and powerful educational experience. An open-minded and encouraging flow of communication between organizations and community members can be the launchpad for the social and environmental change organizations talk about and try for every day. Together, we can make change ââ¬â not just a semblance of idealism, but reality, as well. Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-62842975078574385232020-01-16T03:31:00.001-08:002020-01-16T03:31:05.195-08:00Netflix Case Study EssayCompany Overview The idea behind Netflix, the most popular provider of online and by-mail rental services, came from an unsatisfied, embarrassed customer. Reed Hastings, founder and current CEO of Netflix, was charged 40$ as a late fee because he returned the movie Appolo13 six weeks late (Zarafshar, 2013). This made him think creatively about an idea to transform the movie rental model into a more innovative business. In 1997, Hastings and Randolph started Netflix which was a DVD rental-by-mail business with no subscriptions. Later in 1999, and as a step further towards developing the business, Hastings launched the subscription-based business model which was based only on renting DVDs by mail with multiple plans dependent on the number of titles at a time. Netflix offered its subscribers to choose from its extensive DVD library with more than 120,000 titles for unlimited monthly DVD rental with free shipping as well as zero late and per title rental fees. It was very attractive for customers to mak e subscriptions on the spot as they were tempted with the incredible Netflix service. For example, Blockbuster subscribers found Netflixââ¬â¢s offers more appealing and it was easy for them to make the switch. (Wikipedia, 2014) Netflix has been always open to new opportunities that Hastings believes it will sustain the companyââ¬â¢s competitive advantage. A new opportunity was captured when the streaming service was introduced in January 2007 where it enabled Netflixââ¬â¢s subscribers to instantly watch movies, TV-episodes, documentaries, series and much more on internet-connected devices such as smart TVs, PCs, DVRs, Blu-Ray players and special Netflix players. During that time, Netflix was leading the industry as it was the first company to offer paid streamingà services to its subscribers in US, Canada and Latin America. Today, Netflix is known as the largest provider of online streaming service with almost 44 million subscribers in more than 40 countries offered access to an ever-growing library of thousands of titles. (Netflix PR, 2014) Netflix executives were keen to devise flexible strategies accompanied by a profitable business model that gave them sustainable competitive advantages over their rivals. They constantly monitor their external environment and do the required amendments quickly and swiftly to leverage the emer ging opportunities and tackle the upcoming threats. Strategies ranging from growing its library content, service differentiation, very competitive DVD-by-Mail service, unique marketing plan and ambitious international expansion all made Netflix a leader in its industry. However, Netflix isnââ¬â¢t the only player in the DVD-rental and streaming services market. Blockbuster and Redbox are one of the many competitors in the DVD-rental market that use different competitive models to outcompete Netflixââ¬â¢s. Hulu Plus, Amazon and HBO GO have fueled the competition in the streaming service market. They all compete on acquiring more titles to expand their libraries and try to offer the best subscription plans in order to get more market share. Having this in mind, what should Netflix do next in order to outperform its competitors and sustain its competitive advantage. External Environment Analysis Macro Environment We will start our assessment of the external environment by examining the PESTEL factors in the Macro (General) Environment of the movie renting industry. Political Factors Network Neutrality is the principle that preserves the internet to remain free and open for all users. It defends against discrimination of the internet use based on the content or website services (Ala, 2014). Major Internet Service Providers (ISPs) would like to charge a company like Netflix more money because itââ¬â¢s website of online movie streaming is eating a lot of their internet bandwidth. According to the broadband internet service tracking firm Sandvine, Netflix alone is consuming 32.3% of the downstream traffic in North America, much more than any other site or service. (Protalinski, 2013) Major ISPs may well contemplate the idea of blocking Netflix from their service to release all that traffic or theyà might demand increased internet subscription fees from Netflix to continue hosting their website; this would be a disaster for Netflix who is facing increasing content obligation costs and if ISPs opted for that step, they will have no other choice other than increas ing the monthly fees of their streaming service which will definitely not come to the delight of their customers. All of this is against the Net Neutrality rule, which states that all internet users will be under the same conditions to get space on the net whatever their website or content, is. ââ¬Å"The possibility of regulations designed to mandate the neutrality of the Internet has been subject to fierce debate, especially in the United Statesâ⬠(Internet Cleaner, 2013) In an interview (Netflix Investor Relations, 2014), Reed Hastings says he is not concerned with the threat that ISPs might block Netflix since ââ¬Å"it will fuel the fire for more regulation and no one is interested in thisâ⬠. Environmental Factors Historically, the video rental industry was built on the idea of reusing the same stuff by different people over and over again and this concept is environment-friendly. Moreover, switching to the soft copies of media and streaming it through the internet reduces energy consumption and pollution levels due to a decrease in delivering DVDs by mail and also less manufacturing of DVDs. Socio-Cultural Factors People are expected to watch movies or play video games when they have more leisure time. However nowadays, many people are having 2 jobs to support their families which basically means less leisure time and less watching movies. In addition to that, people are now becoming more convenient watching movies at their homes instead of going out to the theaters since it is cheaper, less time consuming and is ideal after having a long tiring day; this emerging trend will boost the volume of the streaming media subscriptions. Moreover, the rapid acceptance of the society for technological advancements greatly benefits the online movie rental industry, this is particularly correct due to the new educational and pedagogical systems that stress more on computer learning making people more convenient when dealing with technology. Technological Factors The rapid technological advancements and production of electronic products such as Blu-ray DVD players, Video game consoles, smart phones, smart TVs and many other devices that can connect to the internet, made the concept of online rental and video streaming easier and more adaptable. As the internet services are becoming more popular and an important ingredient in peopleââ¬â¢s daily life, companies like Netflix will be able to increase its operations especially in the video streaming service. Therefore, the advancement in technology is an opportunity and enabler for the industry as a whole. 4K streaming is a new high-quality video technology that reduces compression rate and produces output in 4K/Ultra HD format. (Burns, 2014) Netflix started offering some of its content in this format, which signals their aim to go side by side with technological advancement. Of course, to be able to stream at this high resolution, you need to have a super speed internet (40-50 Mbps) so people now have a reason to upgrade and it means more profits to the ISPs. (Netflix Investor Relations, 2014) Economic Factors The industry depends on the consumersââ¬â¢ spending power and real income, which is affected by employment rate, interest rate, tax rate and inflation rate. When consumers have more money, spending on entertainment facilities rises and this is an opportunity for the industry. On the other hand, the spending power of households usually decrease in recession periods, so they will probably tend to sacrifice the theater ticket and may well reward themselves with some older movies available on streaming services such as Netflixââ¬â¢s. Legal Factors There is a considerable potential for legal actions to be taken against companies operating in this industry, actions related to the use of licensed material and customersââ¬â¢ privacy issues. Moreover, any company that operates in the international market should study well the rules and regulations specific to that market or else it will shortly fall in trouble or lose valuable opportunities. Some legal actions might have a positive impact on companies in this industry such as the amendment of the VPPA law discussed earlier. On the other hand, Netflix had some hard times in 2010 with lawsuits pertaining to privacy issues when an academic research suggested it exposed the movie preferences of its customers for the programmers whoà participated in the Netflix prize to produce a better recommendation algorithm. (Buley, 2010) The issue was later resolved and Netflix cancelled the sequel ââ¬Å"Netflix Prize IIâ⬠competition. Competitive Environment In order to determine nature and strength of the competitor pressures in the movie rental industry Netflix is operating in, we use Porterââ¬â¢s five forces model of competition. Bargaining Power of Customers In the streaming market, customers have a high bargaining power; the reason behind this is that people are very well informed about other companies which are in the same line of business as Netflix. Customers are always in search for a better deal because buyers are very price sensitive when it comes to the video rental industry and they are always looking for the best quality, so they will leave Netflix as soon as a better offer is available since there is no switching cost. Customers always expect product differentiation, and if Netflix does not give it customers this variety, they will simply leave. Bargaining Power of Suppliers Bargaining power of suppliers is very high; Netflix relies on getting exclusive rights to certain television shows and movies so suppliers play a very big role in bargaining over what content is exclusively reserved for Netflix users. Also, there are only a number of studios who supply the movies and shows. Another reason bargaining power of suppliers is high is that Netflix can only get its content from those studios and there is no substitute for that content, also contracts with those studios are usually for a short period of time (1-3 years) and expensive; a good example of this is when Netflix was unable to renew its contract with Starz because they were demanding a much larger amount of money ââ¬â $300 million instead of the $30 million paid in 2008. (Kafka, 2011) Threat of New Entrants Although entering the online movie rental industry needs a huge initial investment to get content and secure exclusive copyrights, we can say that the threat of new entrants is moderately high since it remains a growing market with a growing demand, and huge rich companies like Apple and Google may be tempted by its growth potential and might well enter the play stageà with generous budgets; and also the low exit costs in this market make this threat high. But in order to be profitable in this industry, companies need to achieve economies of scale and try it best to have a large volume of subscribers, which in Netflixââ¬â¢s case is how they achieve profitability, and also to have a large number of viewers if it is a VOD company. Threat of Substitutes The threat of substitutes is relatively high since substitutes are available, such as Blockbuster On demand, Amazon Prime Instant Video and many other VOD streaming media. Rather than having a subscription of unlimited views, customers can switch to a pay per view option. Another reason is that there is no switching cost. In addition to that, the prices of substitutes are convenient and low which makes it relatively easy to switch. Customers might also choose to switch because companies working on a VOD bases have better features such as making certain television shows and movies available within a few hours of airing them on T.V, unlike Netflix where customers need to wait a few months. Intensity of Competitive Rivalry Competition is very high in the video rental industry; Netflix has many current competitors which include Blockbuster on demand, Amazon, Apple, Hulu Plus and many others. Also Netflix has to keep scanning the environment for new competitors since it is easy for new rivals to enter the market for there are low barriers to market entry and exit. Netflix must fear its competitors because they can easily lose customers to them since switching cost is very low and they have no loyalty programs to make it harder for customers to leave. VRIO Analysis Netflixââ¬â¢s top resources can be listed as follows: 1. The variety and big selection of titles (comprehensive library of movies and TV-episodes) 2. The unique software for streaming and recommendation 3. Nationwide distribution network 4. CEO Reed Hastings Resources must have enough competitive potential for the organization to outcompete its rivals. By applying the VRIO framework (see table 1), one ofà the best strategic tools to evaluate the firmââ¬â¢s resources, Netflix is shown to be at a moderate sustainable position. Providing its subscribers a wide selection of titles has been always Netflixââ¬â¢s primary strategy. During the year 2012, its library has reached over 120,000 DVD-titles and more than 30,000 titles ready for streaming (Wikipedia, 2014). This extensive library is definitely valuable for Netflix to attract more subscribers to watch from a wide variety of titles. Moreover, this resource is rare as not all competitors are able to offer its customers a huge number of titles for both DVD-rental and streaming services. However, such a comprehensive library is not very difficult to imitate. Apple and Amazon, for example, are constantly working hard to gain license agreements to acquire new content and grow their lib rary of titles. An obvious example on this is when Amazon won over Netflix and secured the streaming rights of the whole 8 seasons of Foxââ¬â¢s award winning series ââ¬Ë24ââ¬â¢ (Cantisano, 2014). Netflix has shown to be organized to capture the value of its library by making it available for its subscribers when using both services. Thus, having a big selection of titles places Netflix at a sustainable competitive advantage as long as no competitor grows a more extensive library. Otherwise, it will become easy for Netflix subscribers to switch to another company that offers wider selection. Netflix had well developed and easy-to-use software that provides titles recommendations for each subscriber based on personalized ratings. This resource is an added value to Netflixââ¬â¢s business because it became convenient for subscribers to quickly view movies they like or place them on ââ¬Å"instant queueâ⬠for watching them later. (Netflix, 2014) Netflix announced a 1 million-dollar compe tition to challenge programmers to create an algorithm that can beat its Cinematch system by at least 10% of enhanced accuracy (Netflixprize, 2009). In 2009, three teams of talented programmers combined forces and developed that algorithm and Netflixââ¬â¢s system was given a major boost. Since the software is customized only for Netflix and consists of complicated algorithms, such a resource is considered rare. Although Netflix had set the bars high for its rivals, another company can call for a competition or hire top programmers to develop their own software that may beat that of Netflixââ¬â¢s. There is always room for improvement, and for that reason, this software can be imitated. Nevertheless, Netflix is continuously prepared to capture the value out of its smart software and make the bestà use of it. As a result, the recommendation software positions Netflix on a sustainable competitive advantage as long as no competitor develops similar or improved software. For its DVD-by mail service, Netflix had largely invested in developing its nationwide distribution network by establishing as much distribution centers as possible. Their strategy is to provide customers with the fastest shipping service by delivering ordered DVDs within one business day. This is of a big value for customers who used to wait several days to obtain a DVD. To make it more effective and efficient, Netflix util izes a distribution network system (logistics system) that saves a lot of time looking for the closest center that has the ordered DVD in stock. The combination of wide-spread distribution centers and effective logistics software makes it a rare resource. Itââ¬â¢s still almost impossible for competitors, such as Blockbusters, to deliver any of its DVDs within 1 business day. Furthermore, itââ¬â¢s difficult to have a large number of shipping points close to every home. Therefore, this resource is considerably inimitable. Obviously, Netflix is doing a great job in regards to quick delivery. It has promised its customer to ship DVDs anywhere within 1 business day. Today, by effectively employing the distribution network system, the company leveraged its capability to reach 98% of its subscribers. Hence, Netflix is organized properly to capture the value of their distribution centers. It is worth noting that although this resource gives them an sustainable competitive advantage, the demand on this type of service (DVDs sent by mail) is on a continuous decline, and the service might completely vanish in the next few years. L ast but not least, Netflixââ¬â¢s CEO, President and co-founder Reed Hastings is considered one of the firmââ¬â¢s most valuable resources. In the most difficult times, this innovative and visionary man knew what he was doing and didnââ¬â¢t lose the focus. His vision was very clear since the very beginning back in 1997 when he named the company Net-flix and not DVD-by-Mail (Fortune, 2009); he saw what the industry will be like in the future and believed in the powers of the internet. an intangible asset, as we are interested in his vision, education, expertise, know-howââ¬â¢s, innovation and skills, is considered a valuable one. If you take a quick glance on what has happened in the past few years, youââ¬â¢ll find it clear how such influential people affect their organizations in every aspect. For example, when Steve Jobs died, Appleââ¬â¢sà stock price went down by 5% immediately (Kollewe,2011) which shows you how people believed that the tremendous success Apple had in the past few years was directly linked to the innovative out-of-the-box thinking of their ex-CEO, and future manifestations showed that that was extremely true. So these brilliant executives are so valuable to their firms and they are also rare. Blockbusterââ¬â¢s ex-CEO Jim Keyes had the chance to buy Netflix in year 2000 for as little as 50 million dollars (now itââ¬â¢s worth more than 20 billion dollars!), but he was so arrogant and refused to give any recognition for Netflixââ¬â¢s success claiming his firm can easily do anything Netflix does. (Zarafshar, 2013) Failing to see the opportunities, combined with many wrong asse ssments of the external environment led to the bankruptcy of Blockbuster in 2011. Many analysts were actually quite sure that Netflix will be sold after the 2011 missteps that caused the stock price to fall by about 80% ; however, at that same exact time Reed Hastings was confident and quite sure that Netflix ââ¬Å"will not only survive but flourishâ⬠(Morrissey, 2013). Those same analysts didnââ¬â¢t see, at that time, anything of a value in Netflix other than its CEO, who previously one the ââ¬Å"CEO of the year 2010â⬠award (Hartung, 2013) and whom they had great respect for (Morrissey, 2013); and indeed he was able to turn on his company and return it back to the list of the most successful companies in the world and the stock prices went up by more than 700% between 2011 and 2014! (Google Finance, 2014) In an interview, Hastings clarified that he doesnââ¬â¢t see his firm just competing with the other companies in the media-entertainment industry, but he believes to be competing with all companies that offer any kind of product or service that a person can enjoy during his leisure time, whether it is a soccer match, a newspaper, a video game or even hiking with friends or family (Netflix Investor Relations, 2014). This gives you an idea of the high mindset of this man which explains the success his company is now enjoying. Such a reso urce is hard to imitate as they usually come through the hierarchy of the same company; thatââ¬â¢s what explains their full understanding of the industry theyââ¬â¢re working in and the core competences of their firms. Just moving one brilliant CEO from one company to your company doesnââ¬â¢t guarantee you any success at all since many complex factors take action in the whole mix-up. Proceeding from here, it is obvious that this resource is organized to capture value for the firm. By setting theà strategies and adjusting them whenever and wherever needed depending on the ever-changing environment, Mr. Hastings is the captain who controls the helm to take Netflix to the island of success. Therefore, this resource gives Netflix a sustainable competitive advantage as long as heââ¬â¢s on the helm. In the future, will Netflix face the same difficulties Apple faced after their CEO was deceased? RESOURCE Valuable Rare Inimitable Is the company organized to capture the value of the resource? Competitive Potential Big Selection of Titles YES YES NO YES Sustainable/Temporary CA Title Recommendation Software YES YES NO YES Sustainable/Temporary CA Nationwide Distribution Network YES YES YES YES Sustainable Competitive Advantage CEO Reed Hastings YES YES YES YES Sustainable Competitive Advantage Table : Conducting VRIO analysis on Netflix top resources Netflixââ¬â¢s Competitive Strength The Netflix Strategy Netflixââ¬â¢s strategy so far hasnââ¬â¢t been to just focus on one or two aspects of their customer base, but to focus themselves in a number of directions in order to build upon and capitalize on a growing subscriber base. Their main strategy has been to build and maintain the most comprehensive selection of DVD titles in the industry, and they have done so by creating mutually beneficial relationships with a number of entertainment video providers. Their second main strategy has been focused on service differentiation- not only how customers receive content and consume it, but also how customers choose what to watch. Netflixââ¬â¢s number one competitive advantage over Amazon and Blockbuster is their unique software that takes what a customer has seen or rated, and based upon that information builds a list of suggested titles similar to ones they have just watched. While other companies had begun to leak into the rent-by-mail niche category that Netflix had started, no othe r company had customer profiling software quite like Netflix. Between 2006 and 2009, the film rental market underwent a major shift. The in-store rental market declined, while vending machine rentals increased and by-mail rentals nearly doubled. However, VOD (Video on Demand) services through cable, digital, and subscription also saw major increases. All of these changes meant companies like Blockbuster had to either restructure and make a complete business model shift ââ¬â or face bankruptcy. Meanwhile, the increases in by-mail rentals and online subscriptions, two services that Netflix offered, meant that the number of Netflix subscribers more than doubled in that same time frame. Purchase decisions from customers were focused on convenient access, price, variety of DVD offerings, and ease of return/return fees. Customers like variety; a video rental store that only stocks the newest releases will not appeal to all markets. Increasingly, customers are becoming more nostalgic in their movie preferences, searching for titles long past premiere. Customers have also become increasingly busy, often not having the time to go to a store to pick out a movie or remembering to return their rentals on time. We live in a world of instant gratification, where being able to click a few buttons and watch the latestà movie or an old clas sic is extremely important. Customers also do not like fees. More and more companies today are offering free shipping/return shipping, and the same is true in the DVD rental industry. Netflixââ¬â¢s third main strategy was to attract more subscribers using multiple marketing channels including online advertising, radio stations, regional and national television, direct mail, and print ads. One of these marketing strategies included participating in a variety of cooperative advertising programs with studios through which Netflix received cash for featuring a studioââ¬â¢s movies in its advertising. Moreover, Netflix worked closely with the makers of Netflix-ready electronics devices to expand the number of devices on which Netflix subscribers could view Netflix-streamed content (Thompson, 2012). This is considered Netflixââ¬â¢s second competitive advantage because it got ahead competitors by being the first to market with next-generation products. By 2012, with the aid of new technology, Netflix added another core strategy which was to grow its streaming subscription business domestically and globally. By doing so, executives expected that the number of members with DVD-by mail subscription would decline, as subscribers migrated from renting DVDs to streaming online and as subscribers with both DVD-by mail and streaming subscriptions opted to only streaming online. The company continuously improved its streaming experience by expanding the size of its content library, increasing the number of Internet-connected devices, and improving the ease of navigating Netflixââ¬â¢s w ebsite of locating and selecting content to watch. The result was a rapid growing customer acceptance and interest in the delivery of TV shows and movies directly over the Internet. Finally, a central element of Netflixââ¬â¢s long-term strategy was making Netflixââ¬â¢s streaming service available outside the US, in countries like Canada, Latin America, the UK and Ireland. (Thompson, 2012) Although this international expansion was expected to temporarily depress the companyââ¬â¢s overall profitability and incur huge expenses of obtaining licenses from movie studios and owners of TV shows, Netflixââ¬â¢s entry into such markets would launch a preemptive strike to secure an advantageous position of being market leaders with high-quality suppliers via exclusive partnerships or long-term contracts (Thompson, Peteraf, Gamble, Strickland, 2014). ââ¬Å"We have to win the bidding for a big set of content, and then market ourselves effectively to start the membership growthâ⬠(Seave, 2013). Howà long it takes for such a bold move to yield good results was not a major issue because Reed Hastings indicated that Netflix would take longer than eight quarter s after initial entry to reach sustained profitability. How Does Its Competitive Strength Compare Against That of Blockbuster and Amazon Compared with Blockbuster and Amazon, Netflix operates within the highly competitive media streaming market that has been forecasted to increase to $12.5 billion in 2017 (Bauman, Deal, Ishak, & Johnson, 2013). Netflix by far has the most comprehensive number of products and distribution channels, given that consumers can either rent DVDs by mail or stream them on their PC or TV. Its identity is valued greatly among consumers as a quick, easy, and available destination for streaming media. Additionally, the value of their brand has risen recently after the strong media attention for the success of its first original series, House of Cards. When it comes to competitors, Netflixââ¬â¢s main competitors were Amazon and Blockbuster. Operating as Amazon Prime Instant Video, it has three main advantages over Netflix; it offers subscription as a prime member for $79 a year which is $6.59/month, less than Netfl ixââ¬â¢s streaming price of $7.99/month, subscribers get free 2-day shipping on millions of items and its users can buy or rent a movie/show just after a few hours of it being broadcasted on TV, while Netflix subscribers needed to wait a few months in order to view the same movie or show (McGrath,2014). However, Netflixââ¬â¢s competitive advantage over Amazon is its library which has more variety and includes original content, thus making their library comprehensive in the streaming market. They also offer all their content to their subscribers for streaming through a very user friendly personalized interface and effective recommendation system that boosts the watching experience; in comparison, Amazonââ¬â¢s Prime Instant Video library have less categories and less straightforward search results, plus a significant portion of their online content cannot be streamed for free, you have to pay additional money to watch certain shows or movies. (Honorof, 2014) Blockbusterââ¬â¢s strategy was to keep expanding geographically by opening new stores in different locations, rather than switching to online streaming, thinking it would increase their market share. But due to the rise in competition from Netflix and Amazon, the company filed for bankruptcy in 2010 and in January of 2014 they permanently closed all their stores and only operated through ââ¬Å"Blockbuster On Demandâ⬠on a pay per rentalà bases and operated only in the US (Netflix Alternative, 2013). The competitive advantage Netflix had over Blockbuster is the number of titles they offered. Because Netflix did not operate from a physical store, it made it possible to store thousands of titles, both old movies and movies which were on high demand, and thus satisfying the preferences of much more customers than Blockbuster. Blockbuster was restricted in the amount and titles they had to offer in their stores because of its limited storage space. Another advantage was convenience. Netflix made it very convenient for customers to get their DVDs without having to leave the house and having unlimited videos on a subscription basis without late fees, all of which are things Blockbuster lacked. With all this said, it is obvious that Netflix used offensive strategies that helped it build its reputation as a market leader and created a strong brand loyalty by binding customers to its service. As a first mover, Netflix was able to move down the learning curve ahead of rivals, so it now knows exactly what customers are expecting and learned a hard lesson not to do sudden strategic changes as it did in 2011 missteps of price changes and split of service. As a first mover also, Netflix was able to set the technical standard for the industry by adopting the advanced streaming player and recommendation program that customers now canââ¬â¢t imagine accessing huge movie libraries without it, and Netflix is ahead of its rivals in this and itââ¬â¢s building it over time. Back in its early stage of existence, Netflix had no chance to compete traditionally with the giant Blockbuster, so it chose a special kind of offensive strategy called ââ¬Å"The Blue-Ocean Strategyâ⬠which dictates that a firm can ââ¬Å"gain a dramatic and durable competitive advantage by abandoning efforts to beat out competitors in existing markets and instead inventing a new industry or distinctive market segment that renders existing competitors largely irrelevant and allows a company to create and capture altogether new demandâ⬠(Thompson, Peteraf, Gamble, Strickland, 2014) This is exactly what Netflix did as it didnââ¬â¢t go into the block and mortar business but focused from the very beginning on growing its online library and achieving its most important strategy back then which is to deliver DVDs by mail within one business day. This created a new segment of customers for its service and factors in the external environment started changing to its advantage wh ich shows that Hastings and his team where correct in reading their externalà environment. Then in 2007 they started their streaming service which is also an offensive strategy that positioned Netflix far ahead of its competitors. Recommendations The past few years have shown how volatile the stock price of Netflix was as it fluctuated between as low as 53 dollars in 2012 to as high as 448 dollars in March 2014 (Google Finance, 2014). This is an indication that Netflix is operating in a very fast moving industry where innovation and continuous improvement are the keys for survival. Consequently, as professional consultants, we advise Netflix executives to learn from what has happened in the past and put new strategies or amend existing ones to tackle the future probable recurrence of the problems they have faced in the past few years. One of the major competitive advantages of Netflix over its rivals in the industry is having this huge and varied collection of title selections in its offering. First we advise them to convert all their DVD-version content, which is not available for streaming, to soft stream-able versions as statistics showed more customers are leaving the DVD-by-mail plan and registering for the more convenie nt trendy streaming service (Roettgers, 2013). Maintaining an increasing selection of title offering is vital in this respect, as in such an entertainment industry, we donââ¬â¢t see loyalty in customers as decreed by Marketing gurus; what we mean by this is, if another rival had a similar service with a richer content, many customers will switch with the blink of an eye. Thatââ¬â¢s why we are stressing on this point as it is a key for survival. Accordingly, Netflix should opt to create strategic alliances and cooperative partnerships with many movie studios to maintain its database of titles ââ¬â retaining existing ones and adding new collections, and negotiating to reduce the wait time for streaming movies after they are out in the theaters. This will definitely create value to the customers, but Netflixââ¬â¢s harder job is how to create value for those suppliers, that is, how to convince them to add their productions in the Netflix service. This can be done by creating a win-win model that will persuade those studios to choose Netflix over other rivals, and hence can be achieved by highlighting a set of advantages theyââ¬â¢ll get from the deal. An example of such an advantage, is to have the studioââ¬â¢s work available not only in US, but in all the 41 countries Netflix currently operates in, andà maybe make it available in local languages; this will increase the popularity of the studioââ¬â¢s work inter nationally and will basically mean more profits for future project releases. Catching up from this last point, it is vital for Netflix to find new smart ways to continuously increase their subscription base. By the end of Q1 2014, the number of subscribers went up to 33 million US subscribers and 11 million international subscribers (Welch, 2014). More subscribers simply mean more annual income which will lead to the ability to get richer content to their offering, which will in return link more customers in. This recursive cycle is so prominent and can be triggered by some smart tactics, to initially get more customers. Lowering the subscription price might lure many potential customers to register, but is not advisable to do that since the profit margin of the streaming service is already narrow (Roettgers, 2013). On the other hand, increasing the price of subscriptions is also risky and the crazy chaos that happened in 2011 will remain unforgettable. Hence, Netflix executives should devise new innovative ways to increase the value proposition of their service that will increase their customer base and enhance their reputation as a market leader. This can be achieved, for example, by doing the exact opposite of what they did in their 2011 missteps. What happened back then was to increase the price of their service for the sa me quality they offered; so letââ¬â¢s now try to increase the service quality holding the price fixed. One way of doing that, is to diversify their content; for example to start providing Live programs such as Sports events and News. This addition will get-in new customer segments ââ¬â not only those who love to watch movies and TV series. So, if Netflix was able to secure the online broadcasting rights for a major soccer league matches, for example, and broadcasting Live CNN news, their customer base will be more fragmented and they will be moving in the direction of being an Internet TV provider with a variety of shows that suites all the different categories of viewers. Another technique to increase the quality of their service is to enhance their GUI (graphical user interface) by creating a new advanced online player for streaming media that can detect voice commands sent from the embedded microphone of the clientââ¬â¢s personal gadget (laptop, Smartphone, tablet, etcâ⬠¦), analyze those commands and perform actions accordingly. For instance, ââ¬Å"Volume Upâ⬠to increase playerââ¬â¢s sound volume instead of usingà your laptopââ¬â¢s mouse or going to ââ¬Å"Settingsâ⬠on your Smartphone/iPad; or the voice command ââ¬Å"Action Categoryâ⬠to go to the list of movies in the Action category. Adding such a high-tech innovative feature in their player will amaze their happy customers and will leave their competitors contemplating in the shadows. Netflix can also enhance its online service by continuously challenging and rewarding bright programmers to come up with new algorithms that increase the effectiveness of their rati ng application. What they did with their one-million-dollar contest, which was won in 2009 by a team called BellKorââ¬â¢s Pragmatic Chao who were able to come up with an algorithm that overcame Netflixââ¬â¢s recommendation system by more than 10% (Netflix Prize, 2009), was very tidy and it really paid off; so they need to continue upgrading their systems ââ¬â as it goes side-by-side with the ever increasing size of their database. Speaking about the content, it was very clear that the bargaining power of the suppliers, which are the TV shows producers and movie studios, are becoming increasingly high; and what happened with the Starz Entertainment deal is one example to mention here, when it announced it would remove it movies from Netflix streaming starting February 2012 (Young,2011). This leads us to what we believe is the most important recommendation for Netflix to consider, that is, invest more in original content. Going backward to the recursive cycle we previously explained, it is clear that getting new content goes in parallel with increasing the number of subscribers. For example, when Netflix secured the deal with Disney for exclusive rights to stream its movies starting 2016, many analysts assumed that the firm needs to get 4 million new subscribers to just breakeven with the cost of that deal (Morrissey,2013). One here might contemplate, that sooner or later, Netflix will reach a stage where it wil l cease to be able to increase its customer base, so its revenues will reach a kind of a slow moving ceiling, but their content obligations will continue to rise: to maintain the licenses for the current collection and to get new content in. Many movie studios are closely monitoring Netflixââ¬â¢s performance and stock prices, and they are demanding higher money for renewing their contracts, and this is a major threat for Netflix to consider. Unable to reach a renewal agreement with a major movie studio, will result in the disappearance of hundreds orà thousands of titles from their online library in a fortnight. This will really embarrass the customers. Thatââ¬â¢s why we recommend that Netflix needs to heavily invest in original programming before they reach the saturation stage, or a deadlock situation whereby they cannot enhance their content because itââ¬â¢s too costly and they need more money by growing membership, and they cannot grow membership because they arenââ¬â¢t able to enhance their content because itââ¬â¢s too costly! Reaching this stage means the firm is approaching its last days. The solution for this misery, and to avoid this tragic end, is to invest in original content right away. Netflix started distributing premier programs in 2011 and now has more than 10 exclusive TV shows in its offering (Wikipedia, 2014), one of which is ââ¬Å"House of Cardsâ⬠ââ¬â an America political dram a television series ââ¬â which ââ¬Å"became the first TV series to win a primetime Emmy Award without ever broadcasting on a network or cable channelâ⬠(Neal, 2014). The success of the series encouraged Netflix to produce a second season of it in Feb 2014, and a third season is scheduled in early 2015 (Wikipedia, 2014). According to a study (Popper, 2014), one episode of such original content costs Netflix four million dollars; but although this is very expensive, allocating an important portion of the budget every year to produce such exclusive series will have its mark in the future. People can enjoy watching such series any time, as it is a permanent title in the online library, and Netflix doesnââ¬â¢t have to pay licensing or any other kind of expenses on originals once it is broadcasted. They can also make it available for their international customers by adding local language features (subbing or dubbing) to it. Growing internationally is still one of the main strategies that Netflix is counting on and although international expansion proved to be very costly, as Canada for example broke even after 2 years (Netflix Investor Relations, 2014); they are recommended to continue with it. It will give them more international recognition that will enhance their reputation and will pay off in their competition with rivals, and this is exactly what CEO Reed Hastings said in Netflix Q4 2013 Earnings Interview ââ¬Å" we are treating international as a segment ââ¬â for competitive reasonsâ⬠(Netflix Investor Relations, 2014). As first movers in the streaming movie industry, it is advisable for Netflix to leverage their position as pioneers of the market by offering several loyalty programs that will increase the switching costà of the customers to their existing and future rivals. One thing they can do is to create a points-based reward system which works as follows: every month you renew your subscription youââ¬â¢ll add 10 points to your balance, and if youââ¬â¢re a new customer you get 50 ââ¬Å"free welcome pointsâ⬠. Then through time your balance will keep adding up points and youââ¬â¢ll have the choice to buy several valuable things with it. For example, one-month free subscription for 100 points, an original DVD movie (from a predefined list of titles) sent directly to your mail and that will cost you 200 points, and the chance to meet with the actors of your favorite TV-series (Netflix Original) for 300 points. Such a loyalty program will keep delight the customers and keep them hooked to the service. While many consumers have cut the cord and made the switch to Internet-only TV offerings, undoubtedly theyââ¬â¢ve experienced frustrations as well. Netflixââ¬â¢s mobile app, while good, can be upgraded to present a much better and more seamless experience for those on tablets. We suggest added-value features like friendship connections, including the ability to see what friends on both Facebook and Twitter have watched, their recommendations, and share content with others. Another impre ssive change could be a ââ¬Ëtagging featureââ¬â¢ when watching shows which we believe to be instrumental in expanding the social aspects of Netflixââ¬â¢s content. Viewers can tap the button at any time during a show to tag moments on the timeline relevant with quotes from the scene or make a comment regarding what they saw. Subsequent friends watching the content can see these tags, opening up dialogue between the partners and encouraging more social conversation through Netflixââ¬â¢s app. (The lab Blog, 2013). Compared to the current appââ¬â¢s design, this new proposal feels fresh and clean. Of course, those added features are optional and can be switched off whenever privacy is needed. By adding this feature, Netflix will be leveraging the benefits of the latest VPPA (Video Privacy Protection Act) law amendments President Obama signed which ââ¬Å"facilitate social media sharing of video viewing preferences when users consent to disclosure of information via the Internetâ⬠.(McClellan, 2013) Moreover, integrating social media with customersââ¬â¢ viewing experience will give Netflix an important marketing tool that will help them detect which content is more appealing to their customers and will also give their customers a window to speak out what they like to see in the future. Finally we can say that the next step for Netflixà is to produce a Hollywood 100-million dollar movie that can be streamed same day it goes into the theater. This massive step of producing one movie eve ry year, of such a caliber, will be a major boost for Netflix in the coming years especially if they were lucky enough and those movies turn out to be a major hit. But here one has to say, is it wise for a company like Netflix, that reported 112 million dollars in net income by the end of 2013 (Google Finance,2014), to handle a project of this size? Isnââ¬â¢t it a crazy adventure? Or should Netflix go through a joint venture with other Pay-TV firms to reduce the risks of such a gigantic project? References Bauman, L., Deal, N., Ishak, P., & Johnson, S. (2013, February 3). Netflix Environmental Scan / SWOT Analysis. Retrieved April 22, 2013, from Memoirs of a Student: http://lisabauman.blogspot.com/2013/02/netflixââ¬â?environmentalââ¬â?scanââ¬â?swotââ¬â?analysis.html Thompson, A. A., Peteraf, M. A., Gamble, J. E., & Strickland III, A. J. (2014). Crafting and Executing Strategy ââ¬â The Quest for Competitive Advantage ââ¬â Concepts and Cases (19th Ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin ââ¬â Ch:6, pgs. 151-152 Thompson (2012) ââ¬â Netflix in 2012: Can It Recover from Its strategy Missteps? Thompson, A. A. (2012). Netflix Alternative (July,2013) Blockbuster on Demand ââ¬â Retrieved from: http://www.netflixalternative.com/blockbuster-on-demand/ McGrath (Jan, 2014) Amazon and Hulu Could Slow Netflix Growth in 2014 ââ¬â Retrieved From: http://www.forbes.com/sites/maggiemcgrath/2014/01/07/amazon-and-hulu-could-slow-netflix-growth-in-2014-morgan-stanley-sa ys/ (Seave, 2013) Netflix to Competitors: Be Afraid, Be Very Afraid ââ¬â Retrieved from: http://www.forbes.com/sites/avaseave/2013/06/06/netflix-to-competitors-be-afraid-be-very-afraid/ NetflixPR ââ¬â Netflix Media Center ââ¬â Company overview ââ¬â Retrieved April 19,2014 from https://pr.netflix.com/WebClient/loginPageSalesNetWorksAction.do?contentGroupId=10476&contentGroup=Company+Facts Kollewe (October,2011) Apple Stock Price Falls on News of Steve Jobââ¬â¢s Death ââ¬â Retrieved from http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2011/oct/06/apple-stock-steve-jobs Zarafshar (Nov,2013) Remembering Blockbuster Retrieved from http://deweydigest.com/tech/2547 Cantisano (April,2014) Netflix loses Fox Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-84013618675996162842020-01-07T23:54:00.001-08:002020-01-07T23:54:03.586-08:00Civil Liberties in America Free Essay Example, 750 words Liberty is the power through which individuals capabilities to think, choose along their values can be developed. In keeping with my opinion, liberty is important to me because it can be asserted as the key strength of humankind, which can give a person the opportunity of experiencing benefits from the political and social environment. In order to specify the benefits of liberty, it can be stated that the right to speak, freedom of association, freedom of opinion and right to vote for others are key constituents. These are the general aspects that have been practiced by me in modern civilization. It can be evidently asserted that along with modern science and technology, the range of liberty has been extending over the last few decades. Liberty is the sole entity through which an individual can establish his/her own identity through their own activities. Along with changing time, the importance of liberty has changed. In the modern era, the effect of liberty can be seen in the case of international trade and democracy. It has been observed that the concept of liberty has developed our surrounding society's thought. We will write a custom essay sample on Civil Liberties in America or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Women's education rights and working rights have improved the perception of modern civilization. Thus, it can be apparently asserted from my viewpoint that liberty has led the modern world towards an advanced future. It was observed earlier that liberty has been utilized in both ways in society. Human beings at times have utilized the right of liberty through violating the norms society. From the observation, I have noticed that several anti-social activities such as murder, extortion, and terrorism have taken place through which human kinds have ruined the value of liberty. On the contrary, I have also witnessed fearless approaches of human beings in order to maintain stability in civilization. According to my belief, liberty is the only entity through which humankind can satisfy itself. Thus, I would like to experience liberty by practicing ethical approaches towards my nation, society, and family. Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-72258300503238895202019-12-30T20:18:00.001-08:002019-12-30T20:18:03.298-08:00Nationalism And Its Impact On Society - 998 Words Nations are created by specific social forces which promote a sense of ââ¬Ënationhoodââ¬â¢ among the population. Because of the diversity of the conditions, nationalism has manifested itself in different forms depending on the needs of the people. States are generally multinational, rarely purely homogeneous and are quite often polytechnic. In a nation state, patriotism, as a sentiment, plays a crucial role in legitimizing the political authority of the state. Nationalism has become synonymous with patriotism. Nationalism has developed from multiple and often overlapping factors encompassing social, psychological, economic, political and cultural factors. Nationalism develops when people have a common goal for the future. Industrial society necessitates literacy, since the members of the work force must be interchangeable with one another. This need leads to mass education, the homogenization at a basic level of the population, and social atomization. As a result of this process, the community augments until it encompasses the whole society. What makes each of the following modernist theorists distinct is their contribution to this picture. Deutsch introduced the idea of nationalism as a process; Anderson introduced the importance of print media; Gellner described the role of industrial society and mass education; and Hobsbawm showed how traditions, once invented, perpetuate nationalism. The issue with these theorists is that they assume perfect homogeneity and that nationalismShow MoreRel atedNationalism And Its Impact On Society1379 Words à |à 6 Pages Throughout history, nationalism has evolved in a massive way. Nationalism is a concept that was not always around, and began as a simple love of oneââ¬â¢s country. This soon progressed into the belief that a country or state is superior to another. In the source, the perspective given is that of displeasure towards the current approach governments are taking to promote nationalism. In order to create patriotism in a country, often times the government will look past previous wrongdoings. We should embraceRead MoreNationalism And Its Impact On Society1266 Words à |à 6 PagesIn global politics, Nationalism tends to be one of the very most important ways that we as people identify ourselves politically and one of the most crucial forces that shapes international politics. Nationalism is most often used to describe two main aspects in global politics: The first being the demeanor that the people or members of th e nation have in the way of caring for their national identity, and secondly the contributions or actions that the people of a nation take when searching to reachRead MoreNationalism And Its Impact On Society1755 Words à |à 8 PagesNationalism was coined back in the 1770ââ¬â¢s it has a major role in the shaping many nations throughout the world. Nationalism has many positive and negative aspects to it. Nationalism has the strength to unify people despite their classes. It also has the ability to united people to lead movements against oppressive governments. There is a downside Nationalism can as method to evoke fear. The biggest negative is that most nationalism movementââ¬â¢s inevitably led to some form of conflict. Nationalism isRead MoreThe Concept of Nationalism in the 20th and 21st Century1228 Words à |à 5 Pagesï » ¿Nationalism in the 20th and 21st Century: The concept of nationalism is in essence an odd organization that has had significant impacts in world history through shaping the political and social aspects of the society. As an important aspect in the development of the society, the concept of nationalism has basically been analyzed based on its impact on the emergence of nation-states across the globe. In most cases, these analyses have been conducted to determine the influence of nationalism onRead MoreNationalism in Europe in the 19th century Essay875 Words à |à 4 PagesNationalism is way of thinking both political and socially to create a community united by: history, ethnicity, religions, common culture, and language. Numerous effects occurred while establishing a Nationalist community, some effects were a long term impact on Nationalism, and other was short term impacts on Nationalism. Bloody Sunday was a big impact of Nationalism, what started out as a peaceful march of Petersburg workers marching to the Winter Palace led by Father Gapon turned out to be aRead MoreNationalism And Democracy Are Intertwined Within The State1491 Words à |à 6 PagesNationalism and democracy often are co-existent with each other at any time within the state. These interactions that they have with each other culminate in both benefits and problems for society, or sometimes produce a neutral reaction. This essay will explore these interactions that could either be beneficial, detrimental, or neutral in the ways that nationalism and democracy are intertwined within the state. The important notion that nationalism brings to democracy is the concept of conflictRead MoreThe Importance Of Nationalism1434 Words à |à 6 Pages Nationalism is a political ideology that has been around since the 19th century, the idea of nationalism stands for the nation-state and the love for the nation-state. It is able to bind different members of society within a certain geographical location to form a stronger bond and give the nation a sense of belonging and identity. Nationalism has been one of the most influential and powerful forces of the twentieth century because nationalism helps bring people together that share a similar languageRead MoreImmigration And Globalization1734 Words à |à 7 Pagesdoes immigration impact an individualââ¬â¢s likelihood to identify with a national identity, or a larger global identity? Does immigration, a component of globalization, impact one identity more than another? These questions are increasingly relevant with the well-documented rise of European nationalist parties, but there are still questions about whether these are empirically connected phenomena. Immigration, a facet of globalization, is widely discussed, as well as other impacts of globalizationRead MoreIslamââ¬â¢S Nationalism, Ethnicity, And Religion . Since The1469 Words à |à 6 PagesIslamââ¬â¢s Nationalism, Ethnicity, and Religion Since the beginning of time humans have always wanted to belong to a group whether it be faith, nationality, or society. Nevertheless, Islamââ¬â¢s theories and ideologies regarding nationalism, religion, and ethnicity are different compared to most. Christianity is one of the biggest and most known religions in modern day. However, if we compare the two we can see that they are different, but similar in many aspects and backgrounds. Comparing the two willRead MoreNationalism in 18th Century Europe1763 Words à |à 3 Pagescitizensà likeà noà otherà idealsà hadà doneà before.à Theseà idealsà wereà liberalism,à socialismà and,à theà mostà important,à nationalism.à Eachà oneà possessedà itsà ownà uniquenessà whichà inspiredà massà followingsà ofà peopleà thatà wouldà lastà thoroughlyà intoà theà twentiethà century.à Eachà oneà alsoà provedà toà formà aà catalystà forà theà modernisationà ofà manyà Europeanà countries.à However,à inà comparison,à noneà ofà theseà idealsà hadà theà impactà thatà theà nationalisticà approachà had.à Thisà isà dueà toà manyà reasonsà whichà rangedà fromà theà factà thatà no Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-17972603585932639472019-12-22T16:06:00.001-08:002019-12-22T16:06:04.321-08:00Early Childhood Education A Wise Investment Approach for... Title Early Childhood Education: A wise investment approach for a better future. 1. Core message There are many benefits from improving quality in Early Child Education services and the trade-off between affordability and quality in these services should not determine the efficiency of this improvement. Even though this latter issue (affordability versus quality) comes to reality and associated dollar cost might impact on familiesââ¬â¢ budget, it should be explain benefits from this kind of actions. Recommendations That you Note: 1. Investment in Early Childhood Education services boosts economic performance in the future. 2. Promote participation and ensure children from disadvantaged background are benefit from Early Childhood Educationâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Parentsââ¬â¢ involvement in social activities and workforce Parents need for childcare to enable them to study, undertake training or participate in other activities outside the home, increasing participation in the workforce, particularly for women, and optimising childrenââ¬â¢s learning and development. Occasional childcare services are used, for instance, by parents for short periods whilst they attend appointments, do volunteering work or carry out domestic chores, while professionally trained personnel look after and teach their children. 3. Context The discussion is focused on the trade-off between affordability and quality on ECE services. However, this discussion seems to be biased because only considers one single aspect (trade-off) of a universe of aspects that, at least, economic theory provides in regard of improvement in quality of early childhood education services. Also, the discussion provides some opinions with no further support, neither theoretical nor empirical, to help the reader understanding their point of view. 4. Rationale A starting point to better understand benefits of improvement in quality of ECE services is given by the Human Capital Theory which ââ¬Ëâ⬠¦suggests that education or training raises the productivity of workers by imparting useful knowledge and skills, hence raising workersââ¬â¢ future income by increasing their lifetime earnings.ââ¬â¢ (Becker, 1964). Additionally, Heckman (2000) found that investing in human capitalShow MoreRelatedEce Governance Of The Early Childhood Education Governance865 Words à |à 4 PagesECE Governance Out of the all these years the Early Childhood Education Governance is been help people to look forward to a great future with different policies for child care and education. It is usually that the governance work with every decision about the people rights. Since the governance has been work toward the help people to live better. In the paper I will briefly summarize and give examples of the three phrases of ECE governance, evaluate the three versions of administrative integrationsRead MoreChildcare1924 Words à |à 8 PagesChildcare and Education Preshay Weatherspoon English 122 Prairie Markussen April 7, 2014 Childcare and Education Some may disagree that the best place for children ages three and under are day care and preschool programs. In early child care education there are many benefits for children. 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â¡EZ Ed.D HELEN W. NOEL Ph.D Member Member _____________________Read MoreAin t No Making It Chapter Summaries Essay9177 Words à |à 37 Pagesï » ¿Chapter 1 Our achievement ideology is based on the idea that the U.S. is full of opportunity and anyone can accomplish success in our society if they work hard enough. Many grow up thinking education is the ladder that will allow for this social mobility and all you have to do is be willing to work hard enough to earn it. But what about children who grow up thinking differently? Why do some strive for high paying careers while others refuse school and are seemingly ok with staying working classRead Moreeffect of parenting style on the academic development of children6694 Words à |à 27 Pagestheir child rearing (stantrock, 2007). There are many differing theories and opinions on the best ways to rear children, as well as differing levels of time and effort that parents are willing to invest in the rearing of their children. 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By age 14, their basic cognitive skills are substantially similar to what they will be in adulthood, although they lack the experience of adults. They are likely to have a well-developed set of preferences and a set of moral values. Risk taking is a natural partRead MoreSheikh Zayed9912 Words à |à 40 Pagesvision, his determination and hard work, his generosity, both at home and abroad, and the way in which he devoted his life to the service of his people and to the pursuit, at home and elsewhere, to helping those in need and to the creation of a better world. SHEIKH ZAYED BIN SULTAN AL NAHYAN ââ¬â A SPECIAL TRIBUTE The United Arab Emirates today is his memorial ââ¬â not just the physical infrastructure but, more importantly, its people ââ¬â while the international response to his passing is testimony Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-83604560840785775092019-12-14T12:36:00.001-08:002019-12-14T12:36:06.227-08:00How Does Perception Affect The Organizational Process Education Essay Free Essays string(171) " is our centripetal experience of the universe around us and involves both the acknowledgment of environmental stimulations and actions in response to these stimulations\." What is perceptual experience Paul Rookes and Jane Willson explain perceptual experience and perceptual procedures in a manner that about anyone can understand. The survey of perceptual experience, or how the encephalon processes information from the senses, has fascinated psychologists and philosophers for a long clip. Perception takes the cardinal research countries and presents the statements and findings in a clear, concise signifier, enabling the reader to hold a speedy working cognition of the country. We will write a custom essay sample on How Does Perception Affect The Organizational Process Education Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now This clear and enlightening text discusses esthesis and perceptual experience so looks at theories and accounts of perceptual experience. The manner ocular perceptual experience is structured is examined, followed by an analysis of the development of perceptual procedures. The writers so see single societal and cultural fluctuations in perceptual organisation. Perception will be peculiarly utile to pupils new to higher-level survey. With its helpful text edition characteristics to help in scrutiny and larning techniques, it should involvement all introductory psychological science pupils. Mention: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.infibeam.com/Books/info/Paul-Rookes/Perception-Theory-Development-and-Organisation/0415190932.html # newUsedBooks Percept Definition from web Percept in psychological science, mental organisation and reading of centripetal information. TheA gestaltA psychologists studied extensively the ways in which people organize and select from the huge array of stimulation that are presented to them, concentrating peculiarly on ocular stimulation. Percept is influenced by a assortment of factors, including the strength and physical dimensions of the stimulation ; such activities of the sense organs as effects of predating stimulation ; the topic ââ¬Ës past experience ; attending factors such as preparedness to react to a stimulation ; and motive and emotional province of the topic. Stimulus elements in ocular organisation signifier perceived forms harmonizing to their closeness to each other, their similarity, the inclination for the topic to comprehend complete figures, and the ability of the topic to separate of import figures from background. Perceptual stability is the inclination of a topic to construe one object in the same m ode, irrespective of such fluctuations as distance, angle of sight, or brightness. Through selective attending, the topic focuses on a limited figure of stimulations, and ignores those that are considered less of import. Depth perceptual experience, considered to be innate in most animate beings, is produced by a assortment of ocular cues bespeaking position, and by a little disparity in the images of an object on the two retinas. An absolute threshold is the minimum physical strength of a stimulation that a topic can usually comprehend, whereas a difference threshold is the minimum sum of alteration in a stimulation that can be consciously detected by the topic. Recent surveies have shown that stimulations are really perceived in the encephalon, while centripetal variety meats simply gather the signals. William Dobelle ââ¬Ës research, for case, has offered important hope for the blind. Mention: hypertext transfer protocol: //encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Perception+ ( psychological science ) Visting day of the month on this nexus is: 18-9-2010. Percept Percept is the procedure of which we use to organisms interpret and organize esthesis to bring forth a meaningful and utile experience of the universe. Sensation normally refers to the immediate, comparatively unrefined consequence of stimulation of centripetal receptors in the eyes or ears, nose or lingua or tegument. Perception, on the other manus, better describes one ââ¬Ës ultimate experience of the universe and typically involves farther processing of centripetal input. In the existent term, esthesis and perceptual experience are virtually non possible to divide, because they are portion of one uninterrupted procedure. Therefore, perceptual experience in worlds describes the procedure whereby centripetal being to move is translated into organized experience. That experience, or percept, is the joint merchandise of the stimulation and of the procedure itself. Relations found between assorted types of stimulation and their associated percepts suggest illations that can be made about the belongingss of the perceptual procedure ; theories of comprehending so can be developed on the footing of these illations. The ground is that the perceptual procedure is non itself public or straight discernible ( except to the percipient himself, whose percepts are given straight in experience ) , the cogency of the perceptual theories can be checked merely indirectly. Historically, systematic idea about perceiving was the state of doctrine. Philosophic involvement in perceptual experience stems mostly from inquiries about the beginnings and cogency of what is called human cognition. Epistemologists ask whether a existent, physical universe exists independently of human experience and, if so, how its belongingss can be learned and how the truth or truth of that experience can be determined. They besides ask whether there are unconditioned thoughts or whether all experience originates through contact with the physical universe, mediated by the sense organs. As a scientific endeavor, nevertheless, the probe of perceptual experience has particularly developed as portion of the larger subject of psychological science. For the most portion, psychological science bypasses the inquiries about comprehending raised by doctrine in favour of jobs that can be handled by its particular methods. The leftovers of such philosophical inquiries, nevertheless, do remain ; research workers are still concerned, for illustration, with the comparative parts of innate and learned factors to the perceptual procedure. Such cardinal philosophical averments as the being of the physical universe, nevertheless, they are taken for granted among most scientific pupils of comprehending. Typically, research workers in perceptual experience merely accept the evident physical universe peculiarly as it is described in the given subdivisions of natural philosophies concerned with the electromagnetic energy and optics and mechanics. The Role of Perception As we grow in our life and mature into what some would see the grownups, we are told to do the sure we know about our environment and do certain to ââ¬Å" make unto others as you would hold done to you â⬠. In order to make this, you have to hold a degree of perceptual experience in which you are able to see things in ways that others may or may non. How do you see perceptual experience? Harmonizing to Kendra Van Wagner ( UNK ) , ââ¬Å" Percept is our centripetal experience of the universe around us and involves both the acknowledgment of environmental stimulations and actions in response to these stimulations. You read "How Does Perception Affect The Organizational Process Education Essay" in category "Essay examples" Through the perceptual procedure, we gain information about belongingss and elements of the environment that are critical to our in the universe endurance. Percept non merely creates our experience of the existent universe around us ; it allows us to move within our environment that is around us. â⬠That being said, how does that use to mundane life and how does that impact the positions of those around you on you? The best manner to near this is easy to happen the most effectual ways to see perceptual experience. Three facets can change or act upon how things are viewed. One of them is the universe as a whole. What is meant to state that ââ¬Å" the universe â⬠is to state how the universe is viewed in existent, no affair what it is that you look in the universe. Everything has a their ain position and sentiment from everyone who sees it, from the hapless peoples and homeless peoples to the rich peoples. Every individual has an sentiment on why the homeless are stateless and why the rich are rich. What portion of the graduated table do you fall on? Are you the type that says that the homeless are stateless because of bad fortune and difficult times? Do you tilt the other manner and believe that the homeless are homeless because they are lazy and merit nil more than what they have? ââ¬Å" Of the estimated 1.3 billion people populating in poorness around the universe, 70 per centum are adu lt females and misss. Womans and misss are besides increasing as fastest group of impoverished those are destroyed financially, this is a procedure we called ââ¬Å" the planetary feminisationâ⬠¦ Sensation V. Percept Often confusion arises over the relationship between esthesis and perceptual experience. Behavioral theoreticians believe that persons interpret state of affairss based upon their senses and stimulation and that this was how they gained cognition of the universe. Persons use their centripetal variety meats to feel ââ¬â for case, eyes to see, ears to hear, skin to experience, intrude to smell, and lingua to gustatory sensation. Therefore, esthesis is the basic behaviour of persons caused by their physiological maps. Percept, on the other manus, involves people ââ¬Ës assimilation of natural informations through their senses, after which they organize and modify the information with the aid of cognitive thought to organize a consistent image of the state of affairs. The perceptual procedure of persons base on ballss through several sub-processes. They are stimulus or state of affairs, enrollment, reading, feedback, behaviour, and effect. Stimulus or state of affairs is the first sub-process in the procedure of perceptual experience. Here people are confronted with an external or internal stimulation. As a consequence, they might see an immediate animal stimulation or the confrontation may take topographic point with the full physical and socio-cultural environment. In Registration, the persons record in their heads the stimulation they have received from the environment. Physiological mechanisms such as hearing, hearing, etc. play an active function in the perceptual experience of persons. During Interpretation, people analyze the stimulation they have received. It is a cognitive procedure that is influenced by larning, motive, and personality. Feedback is the response persons receive from the stimulation i.e. environmental state of affairss. Feedback has an impact on the perceptual experience of persons. For case, if employees receive grasp from the director for their work, so they perceive that the director is satisfied with their public presentation. Registration, reading, and feedback occur within a individual and are in response to a given stimulation from the external environment. These sub-processes lead to a certain behaviour by the person, which once more leads to a certain effect. How Does Perception Affect The Organizational Process? Percept affects the things we experience in our day-to-day lives excessively so of class it has an impact on the organisational procedure besides. Percept is fundamentally what the peoples think of something, person, a state of affairs etc. Our thought might be our believing ain or it might be the consequence of what person else thinks of a peculiar state of affairs in a peculiar clip. The ground of the perceptual experience affects the organisational procedure is because if the employees can non comprehend the given end or the purpose of the organisation decently so they might non be working towards it and if they are non working towards it so that organisation faces a spread between what is required of the people and what is really being done by them. I hope you have heard of the about the ââ¬Å" alteration procedure â⬠that happens often in organisations. If suppose that procedure is being implemented so it ââ¬Ës really of import for the employees to cognize what the organisation is traveling to travel through and what is traveling to go on after the procedure of the given state of affairs. If their perceptual experience is non clear about it so they might defy the alteration a batch which is nââ¬â¢t good for the company. The employees perceptual experience can assist the company ââ¬Ës organisational procedure run smoother or go hard in a clip. Article Abstraction: Learning organisation construct is defined and the transformational procedures involved are explored. The four stairss of organisational acquisition rhythm, information coevals, integrating, reading, and action are studied. ARTICLEABSTRACT: A learning organisation is one that invariably improves through the rapid development and sweetening of capablenesss required for success in the hereafter. Companies trying to go continual scholars should travel beyond merely developing and developing employees. Learning should be incorporated into every activity of the organisation to supply the best merchandises to its clients. The typical acquisition organisation has five elements: a leader with a chiseled vision, a elaborate and quantifiable action program, the speedy distribution of information, ingeniousness, and the ability to implement the program. Examples of companies that can be considered learning organisations include Corning Inc. , Analog Devices Inc. , Boeing Co. and Lear Seating Corp. A Learning Organization Quiz that can be used to determine whether a company is a learning organisation is provided. Learning Learning is a procedure of lasting alteration in a behaviour through experience, direction or with survey. Learning can non be measured it ââ¬Ës the procedure of acquiring better end product through acquisition. So we can state that acquisition is a lasting alteration in a behaviour of persons. ââ¬Å" The different course of study criterions reveal a common the spirit. Over and over once more these professional organisations Reprimand traditional theoretical accounts of instruction for stressing memorisation, and condemn their push to cover content at the disbursal of deep conceptual apprehension. Alternatively, the studies respect acquisition as the active, purposive building of significance. All emphasize in-depth acquisition ; larning oriented to job resolution and determination devising ; larning embedded in real-life undertakings and activities for thought and communication, and larning that physiques on pupils ââ¬Ë anterior cognition and experiences. Execution of the new criterions in schools would assist to develop pupils who are successful learners-learners who are knowing, self-determined, strategic, and empathic. By concentrating on nucleus constructs and handling them in deepness, pupils get a steadfast conceptual base for forming the content they learn into coherent cognition constructions. By stressing the connexion to their ain experiences and attitudes, the guidelines, when implemented, would formalize pupils ââ¬Ë experiences and enable them to go competent ââ¬Ëknowledge workers ââ¬Ë in the assorted subjects. By unifying procedure and content, pupils learn the schemes they need to get, bring forth, usage, and communicate cognition. And, eventually, by looking at the capable countries from multiple personal, cultural, and historical positions, pupils develop empathy for the experiences, feelings, and universe positions of others. The new definition of larning can function as the model for reconstituting a course of study. By utilizing a new school-based definition of acquisition, drawn from the research-based definition of acquisition, all members of a school community and its broader community can develop a common linguistic communication for course of study reform. Sharing this linguistic communication will assist construct a community of persons who have a common model for curricular reform. They will hold a footing for rethinking, as a community, the content and purpose of the course of study. In add-on, all professionals in the school will come to see that the reforms in their ain subjects ââ¬â whether it be linguistic communication humanistic disciplines, mathematics, scientific discipline, or societal surveies ââ¬â have a common footing, since all reforms are guided by a common research base and conceptual model for larning. Therefore, they can do curricular alterations as a community, and they besides can hold common land for interdisciplinary attempts. The features of a thought course of study will go portion of the school mission that the school as a whole and its community formulate in coaction. â⬠Mention: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ncrel.org/sdrs/areas/issues/content/cntareas/science/sc4anew.htm Introduction: ââ¬â AA Learning OrganizationA is the term given to a company that facilitates the acquisition of its members and continuously transforms itself. Learning Organizations develop as a consequence of the force per unit areas confronting modern organisations and enables them to stay competitory in the concern environment. A Learning Organization has five chief characteristics ; systems thought, personal command, mental theoretical accounts, shared vision and squad acquisition Learning organisations are organisations where people continually expand their capacity to make the consequences they genuinely desire, where new and expansive forms of thought are nurtured, where corporate aspiration is set free, and where people are continually larning to see the whole together. ( Senge 1990: 3 ) The Learning Company is a vision of what might be possible. It is non brought approximately merely by developing persons ; it can merely go on as a consequence of acquisition at the whole organisation degree. Learning Company is an organisation that facilitates the acquisition of all its members and continuously transforms itself. ( Peddler et. Al. 1991: 1 ) Learning organisations are characterized by entire employee engagement in a procedure of collaboratively conducted, jointly accountable alteration directed towards shared values or rules. ( Watkins and Mar ill 1992: 118 ) Learning Organization Learning is the power of growing, and single acquisition is the resource of concern growing. Based on the organisation metaphor in organisation theory, Sense ( 1990 ) introduced larning organisation theory. The academic definition of the learning organisation covers single, group, and organisational acquisition with the attempt for organisational and single acquisition. It is a type of corporate activity to make the organisation ââ¬Ës shared vision. Many books have been published about the learning organisation and many research documents have presented the impact of assorted variables on larning organisations. Four types of organisational civilizations: ââ¬â Competitive Culture in a organisation Learning Culture in a organisation Bureaucratic Culture in a organisation Participative Culture in a organisation The Conceptual Framework Organizational Culture Learning Organization aÃâ ? Bureaucratic Culture aÃâ ? Personal Mastery aÃâ ? Competitive Culture aÃâ ? Mental Models aÃâ ? Participative Culture aÃâ ? Shared Vision aÃâ ? Learning Culture aÃâ ? Systemic Thinking aÃâ ? Team Learning Bureaucratic civilization ; ââ¬â that type of civilization of organisational civilization characterized by low environmental version and low internal integrating. Competitive civilization: ââ¬â A type of organisational where civilization characterized by high Environmental version and low internal integrating. There is a competition between the organisations environment adaptation is high and low internal integrating. Participative civilization: ââ¬â A type of organisational civilization characterized by low Environmental version and high internal integrating. Learning civilization: ââ¬â A type of organisational civilization characterized by high environment adaptation and high internal integrating. Emergence of Learning Organizations The new species and engineering of organisations is called a acquisition organisation, and it increase the capableness to: The act in a clip adapt more readily to environmental impacts. Move faster to the development of new merchandises, procedures, and services. Become more adept at larning from rivals and confederates with the aid of practical accomplishments SpeedA up the advancement of the transportation of cognition from one portion of the organisation to another portion of the organisation. Learn more efficaciously from its errors in a learning organisation. Make greater organisational usage of employees at the all degrees of the organisation. Short clip of period required to implement strategic alterations. To develop uninterrupted betterment in all countries of the organisation. Organizations that learn More rapidly will be able to accommodate accomplished quickly and without hold and thereby accomplish important strategic advantages. There are four major countries, which have changed deeply over the last old ages: 1. Economic environment, societal environment and scientific environment. Globalization. Economic and marketing competition of organisations. Environmental stop ecological force per unit areas of organisations. new scientific disciplines of The subdivision of natural philosophies based on quantumA theory and pandemonium theory ( understanding of quantum natural philosophies means that one can non foretell with absolute certainty, that pandemonium is a portion of the world ) Knowledge of the today ââ¬Ës environment ( cognition that exists in an organisation is the amount of everything and everybody in your company knows that gives you a competitory border. The greatest challenge is to make an organisation that can redistribute its cognition. ) Social Instability in the workplace environment Information engineering and the in unformatted organisation ( Unformatted organisations are able to instantly get information that can be used to acquire a occupation done, bring forth new information as a byproduct, and develop new information ) Structure of organisation and size of organisation: Key resource of the concern is non capital, or forces, or installations, but instead cognition, and information, and thoughts. Another signifier of restructuring is a practical organisation, a impermanent web of independent companies, providers, clients, and even challengers linked by information engineering to portion their accomplishments, costs, and entree to one another ââ¬Ës markets. Three other emerging direction theories deriving popularity is reengineering nucleus competences and organisational architecture. Quality direction motion ( Competitive advantage comes from the uninterrupted, incremental invention and polish of a assortment of thoughts that spread throughout the organisation. Workforce diverseness and mobility Boom in impermanent aid 3. The client outlooks ( cost, quality, clip, service, invention, and customization ) 4. Workers ( Those who make steady advancement will hold job identifier accomplishments, job work outing accomplishments and strategic agent accomplishments. Corporations depend on the specialised cognition of their employees. Knowledge workers do, in fact, own the agencies of production and they can take it out of the door with them at any minute. ) The Systems-Lined Organization Model A consistently define larning organisation is an organisation which learns strongly and jointly and is continually transforming itself to better roll up, manage, and usage cognition for corporate success. It empowers people within and outside the company to larn as they work. Organizational larning refers to how organisational acquisition occurs, the accomplishments and procedures of edifice and utilizing cognition. There are a figure of dimensions of a learning organisation: Learning is accomplished by the organizational system as a whole. Organizational members recognise the importance of ongoing administration broad acquisition. Learning is a uninterrupted, strategically used procedure ââ¬â integrated with and running parallel to work. There is a focal point on creativeness and productive acquisition. Systems believing is cardinal Peoples have uninterrupted entree to information and information resources. A corporate clime exists that encourages, wagess, and accelerates single and group acquisition. Workers web indoors and outside the administration. Change is embraced, and surprises and even failures are viewed as chances to larn. It is nimble and flexible. Everyone is driven by a desire for quality and uninterrupted betterment. Activities are characterised by aspiration, contemplation, and conceptualization. There are well-developed nucleus competences that serve as a taking-off point for new merchandises and services. It possesses the ability to continuously accommodate, regenerate, and revitalize itself in response to the altering environment. The systems-linked acquisition organisation theoretical account is made up of five closely interconnected subsystems: acquisition, organisation, people, cognition, and engineering. If any subsystem is weak or absent, the effectivity of the other subsystems is significantly weakened. Marquardt discusses each of the subsystems in their ain chapters so I wo nââ¬â¢t travel into the inside informations here. Constructing Dynamic Learning through the Organization The acquisition subsystem is composed of three complementary dimensions: 1. Degrees of acquisition ( single, group and organizational ) 2. Types of acquisition ( adaptative acquisition, anticipatory acquisition, deuteron acquisition and active acquisition ) 3. Critical organisational acquisition accomplishments ( systems believing, mental theoretical accounts, personal command, squad acquisition, shared vision, and duologue ) Learning, finally, is a societal phenomenon ââ¬â our ability to larn and the quality and openness of our relationships find what we can cognize. Our mental theoretical accounts of the universe and of ourselves grow out of our relationships with others. Degrees Learning in organisations can happen at three degrees. Individual acquisition is needed since persons form the units of groups and organisations, or as Senge asserts ââ¬Å" organisations learn merely through persons who learn â⬠. The factors that can lend to single acquisition in the organisation include: Individual and corporate answerability for larning Locus and focal point of single acquisition ( larning should hold immediate application to the occupation. ) Accelerated larning techniques. Personal development program ( people recognize that employers can non vouch them womb-to-tomb employment but that they can help them in accomplishing womb-to-tomb employability. There should be a partnership between the organisation and the employee to help in the long-run calling Development. ) Abundant chances available for professional development Individual acquisition linked to organisational acquisition in an explicit and structured manner. Group/team acquisition means that work squads must be able to believe and make and larn as an entity. They must larn how to break create and gaining control acquisition ( larning to larn ) . A successful squad larning system ensures that squads portion their experiences with other groups in the organisation. Team acquisition will happen more to the full if squads are rewarded for the acquisition they contribute to the organisation. Marquardt uses Watkins and Mar sick ââ¬Ës squad acquisition theoretical account that shows the larning organisation as the brotherhood of persons and organisation. The key is the convergence, Which is where teams map? Discipline of Team Learning The subject of squad acquisition begins with duologue that allows the members to suspend their premises, engage in free-flowing communicating to detect penetrations non come-at-able separately, and acknowledge the forms of interaction in squads that undermine larning. Forms of defensiveness frequently are profoundly engrained in squad operations. Unrecognized or unacknowledged forms undermine acquisition, but if they are recognized and allowed to come up creatively, they can speed up acquisition. Types There are four types in which organisations learn: 1. Adaptive acquisition occurs when an person or organisation learns from experience and contemplation: action? Outcome? consequences day of the month? Reflection. Adaptive acquisition may be either single-loop ( focused on deriving information to stabilise and keep bing systems ) or dual cringle ( oppugning the system itself and why the mistakes or successes occurred in the first topographic point ) . 2. Anticipatory larning arises when an organisation learns from anticipating the hereafter: vision? Reflection? action attack. 3. Deuteron acquisition occurs when the organisation learns from critically reflecting upon its taken for given premises. 4. Active larning involves ( a group/team ) working on existent jobs, concentrating on the acquisition acquired, and really implementing solutions. Skills Marquardt has added Dialogue to the five critical organizational acquisition accomplishments identified by Peter Senge: 1. Systems thought: ââ¬Å" A model for seeing interrelatednesss instead than additive cause-effect ironss, for seeing implicit in constructions instead than events, for seeing forms of alteration instead than snapshots. â⬠Changes in one portion of the organisation can impact other parts with surprising effects. 2. Mental theoretical accounts: An image or position of an event, state of affairs, activity or construct 3. Personal command: A particular degree of proficiency that is committed to continually better and hone accomplishments, a subject of continually clear uping and intensifying one ââ¬Ës personal vision, energies, and forbearance. 4. Team acquisition: The procedure of alining and developing the capacity of a squad to make the acquisition and consequences that its members seek. The squad involved must larn to tap the potency of many heads to go more intelligent than one head. 5. Shared vision: Provides a focal point, way and energy for the members of an organisation. And acquisition is a manner of endeavoring to carry through that vision. 6. Dialogue: promotes roll uping thought and communicating. Top 10 schemes to construct larning subsystems: 1. Develop action larning plans throughout the organisation ( clip and attempt! ) 2. Increase persons ââ¬Ë ability to larn how to larn 3. Develop the subject of duologue in the organisation 4. Develop calling development programs for employability 5. Establish self-development hard currency plans 6. Construct team-learning accomplishments 7. Encourage and pattern systems believing 8. Use scanning and scenario planning for anticipatory acquisition 9. Encourage/Expand diverseness, multicultural and planetary mentalities and propensities 10. Change the mental theoretical account relation to larning ( most people retain a negative image of acquisition, one acquired in their school yearss ) . How to cite How Does Perception Affect The Organizational Process Education Essay, Essay examples Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5756104425276579413.post-4368931442226212022019-12-06T09:00:00.001-08:002019-12-06T09:00:06.172-08:00Amazing Grace Film free essay sample The movie Amazing Grace tells the enthralling story of the life of William Willpower, an enthusiastic abolitionist. His lifelong struggle to end British slave trade inspired the hymn that most everyone is familiar with. Driven by the belief that Gods grace is sufficient for anyone to be saved, Willpower devotes his life to a noble cause with the assurance that grace will lead us home in the end as is written in the hymn.The characters and the universal, hope-inspiring themes create an exciting, successful film that leaves the viewer feeling rejuvenated. William Willpower is a kind-hearted person with a love for providing humanitarian aid. In the movie, he feeds poor people and encourages people to treat animals with kindness and respect. From his attitude and his actions, Willpower introduces the theme that a passionate individual can, with Gods help, change the world if he or she is willing to persevere. We will write a custom essay sample on Amazing Grace Film or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Willpower emphatically insists that God created all men as equals and as such, he made it his lifes work to convince the Parliament to get rid of slavery. During the time period in which the film takes place, lions of African-Americans were taken and forcefully put into slave labor on sugarcane plantations. The conditions were inhumane and most died during the sea passage before ever reaching land. It is striking to think that one brave man, upheld by moral integrity, was able to stop this cruelty and change the course of history.At the young age of twenty-one, Willpower is elected into the House of Commons with goals that he believes can be achieved. His primary goal is to get the institution of slavery abolished. He is old enough to know what he wants done, yet still young enough to believe hat he can do it. John Newton, Williams childhood friend, acts as a mentor to him and is the primary reason that he puts his convictions into action to abolish slavery.The relationship between them in the movie is stirring as their scenes together include grappling with the dynamic between faith and action as well as social responsibility. The Prime Minister is also an important character who introduces the theme of political survival versus doing what is right for a great cause. The most Inspiring part of this movie is the eventual success in ending slave trafficking and slavery itself. Willpower ended up being the person to drive abolitionist legislation into play.Luckily, Willpower lives to see the day that his is legislation passed and legalized just days before he passes away. Willpower was so devoted to the cause that he sacrificed his personal health. Amazing Grace is an excellent film that restores a little bit of faith in humanity. With its positive themes and remarkable characters, the viewer is inspired by the encouraging message of persistence, faith, and the ability of an individual to change a nation through the grace of God. Quinn Higginbothamhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/12255920179742133197noreply@blogger.com0